相关论文: Neutron to proton mass difference, parton distribu…

We derive an expression for the electron to nucleon mass ratio from a reinterpreted lattice gauge theory Hamiltonian to describe interior baryon dynamics. We use the classical electron radius as our fundamental length scale. Based on…

We investigate the neutron to proton decay via a Higgs mechanism in the framework of a reinterpreted Kogut-Susskind Hamiltonian on the Lie group u(3). We calculate expressions for a scalar Higgs mass, an electroweak energy scale, and vector…

The Higgs mass value is derived from a Hamiltonian on the Lie group U(3) where we relate strong and electroweak energy scales. The baryon states of nucleon and delta resonances originate in specific Bloch wave degrees of freedom coupled to…

We obtain the pion and the kaon parton distribution functions from the eigenstates of a light front effective Hamiltonian in the constituent quark-antiquark representation suitable for low-momentum scale applications. By taking these scales…

The properties of nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios, far from those naturally occurring on Earth, are key to understand nuclear forces and how nucleons hold together to form nuclei. $^7$H, with six neutrons and a single proton,…

We perform a first calculation for the unpolarized parton distribution function of the $\Delta^+$ baryon using lattice QCD simulations within the framework of Large Momentum Effective Theory. Two ensembles of $N_f=2+1+1$ twisted mass…

We discuss results from our global QCD analyses including nuclear data off deuterium from various measurements, as well as off $^3$H and $^3$He targets from the MARATHON experiment. We simultaneously determine the parton distribution…

Using gauge/gravity duality as a tool, we compute the strong sector, isospin breaking induced contribution to the neutron-proton mass difference in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model of large $N$ QCD with two non-degenerate light flavors. The…

The electromagnetic form factors of the proton and neutron encode information on the spatial structure of their charge and magnetization distributions. While measurements of the proton are relatively straightforward, the lack of a free…

Understanding the differences between the distribution of quarks bound in protons and neutrons is key for constraining the mechanisms of SU(6) spin-flavor symmetry breaking in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). While vast amounts of proton…

A symmetry-preserving analysis of strong interaction quantum field equations is used to complete a unified treatment of pion, kaon, nucleon electromagnetic and gravitational form factors. Findings include a demonstration that the pion…

Major breakthroughs over the last two decades have led us to access information on how the nucleon's mass, spin and mechanical properties are generated from its quark and gluon degrees of freedom. On one side, a theoretical framework has…

The existence and stability of atoms rely on the fact that neutrons are more massive than protons. The measured mass difference is only 0.14\% of the average of the two masses. A slightly smaller or larger value would have led to a…

We construct a concise U(1)_X Froggatt-Nielsen model in which baryon triality, a discrete gauge Z_3 symmetry, arises from U(1)_X breaking. The proton is thus stable, however, R-parity is violated. With the proper choice of U(1)_X charges we…

We present recent lattice results on the baryon spectrum, nucleon electromagnetic and axial form factors, nucleon to $\Delta$ transition form factors as well as the $\Delta$ electromagnetic form factors. The masses of the low lying baryons…

The determination of the spin distribution functions for the neutron requires an understanding of the changes induced by a nuclear medium. We present the first estimates of the changes induced in the spin-dependent, valence parton…

We present the experimental status of electromagnetic hadron form factors. New and surprising results, based on polarization measurements, have been recently obtained for the electric proton and neutron form factors. In particular, the…

The neutron distributions of Cs, Ba, Yb and Pb isotopes are described in the framework of relativistic mean-field theory. The self-consistent ground state proton and neutron density distributions are calculated with the relativistic…

The lower excitation spectrum of the nucleon and $\Delta$ is calculated in a relativistic chiral quark model. Contributions of the second order self-energy and exchange diagrams due-to pion fields to the mass spectrum of the SU(2) baryons…

Nucleon structure functions, as measured in lepton-nucleon scattering, have historically provided a critical observable in the study of partonic dynamics within the nucleon. However, at very large parton momenta it is both experimentally…