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The terrestrial planets are believed to have formed by violent collisions of tens of lunar- to Mars-size protoplanets at time t<200 Myr after the protoplanetary gas disk dispersal (t_0). The solar system giant planets rapidly formed during…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-01-13 David Nesvorny , Fernando V. Roig , Rogerio Deienno

We present models of giant planet migration in evolving protoplanetary disks. Our disks evolve subject to viscous transport of angular momentum and photoevaporation, while planets undergo Type II migration. We use a Monte Carlo approach,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-11-20 R. D. Alexander , P. J. Armitage

The cores of wide-orbit giant planets can form via pebble accretion if large planetesimals form in the outer regions of protoplanetary discs at sufficiently early times. Streaming instability simulations support mass distributions…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-11 Sebastian Lorek , Michiel Lambrechts

The ubiquity of planets and diversity of planetary systems reveal planet formation encompass many complex and competing processes. In this series of papers, we develop and upgrade a population synthesis model as a tool to identify the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 S. Ida , D. N. C. Lin , M. Nagasawa

Firstly, we study the final masses of giant planets growing in protoplanetary disks through capture of disk gas, by employing an empirical formula for the gas capture rate and a shallow disk gap model, which are both based on hydrodynamical…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-06-01 Takayuki Tanigawa , Hidekazu Tanaka

The Core Accretion model is widely accepted as the primary mechanism for forming planets up to a few Jupiter masses. However, the formation of super-massive planets remains a subject of debate, as their formation via the Core Accretion…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-12-10 M. Nguyen , V. Adibekyan

Gas-giant planets, such as Jupiter, Saturn and massive exoplanets, were formed via the gas accretion onto the solid cores each with a mass of roughly ten Earth masses. However, rapid radial migration due to disk-planet interaction prevents…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-11-24 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hidekazu Tanaka

The core-accretion mechanism for gas giant formation may be too slow to create all observed gas giant planets during reasonable gas disk lifetimes, but it has yet to be firmly established that the disk instability model can produce…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Richard H. Durisen , Kai Cai , Annie C. Mejia , Megan K. Pickett

Recent analyses have shown that the concluding stages of giant planet formation are accompanied by the development of large-scale meridional flow of gas inside the planetary Hill sphere. This circulation feeds a circumplanetary disk that…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-05-27 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

The giant planets of the solar system likely played a large role in shaping the architecture of the terrestrial planets. Using an updated collision model, we conduct a suite of high resolution N-body integrations to probe the relationship…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-02-13 Anna C. Childs , Elisa Quintana , Thomas Barclay , Jason H. Steffen

The formation of the solar system's giant planets predated the ultimate epoch of massive impacts that concluded the process of terrestrial planet formation. Following their formation, the giant planets' orbits evolved through an episode of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-23 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers

Analysis of the statistical properties of exoplanets, together with those of their host stars, are providing a unique view into the process of planet formation and evolution. In this paper we explore the properties of the mass distribution…

We know that giant planets played a crucial role in the making of our Solar System. The discovery of giant planets orbiting other stars is a formidable opportunity to learn more about these objects, what is their composition, how various…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 Tristan Guillot

Gas giant planets, if present, are the most massive objects in a planetary system and play a pivotal role in shaping its overall architecture. The formation of these planets has constantly been a central issue in planetary science.…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-04-08 Masahiro Ikoma , Hiroshi Kobayashi

In the Nice model of solar system formation, Uranus and Neptune undergo an orbital upheaval, sweeping through a planetesimal disk. The region of the disk from which material is accreted by the ice giants during this phase of their evolution…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-17 Eva Zlimen , Elizabeth Bailey , Ruth Murray-Clay

Recent exoplanet surveys revealed that for solar-type stars, close-in Super-Earths are ubiquitous and many of them are in multi-planet systems. These systems are more compact than the Solar System's terrestrial planets. However, there have…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-01-04 Haruka Hoshino , Eiichiro Kokubo

In the core-accretion model, gas-giant planets form solid cores which then accrete gaseous envelopes. Tidal interactions with disk gas cause a core to undergo inward type-I migration in 10^4 to 10^5 years. Cores must form faster than this…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-11 J. E. Chambers

We explore here the idea, reminiscent in some respect of Von Weizsacker's (1944) and Alfven's (1976) outmoded cosmogonies, that long-lived vortices in a turbulent protoplanetary nebula can capture large amount of solid particles and…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 P. Barge , J. Sommeria

Models of planetary core growth by either planetesimal or pebble accretion are traditionally disconnected from the models of dust evolution and formation of the first gravitationally-bound planetesimals. The state-of-the-art models…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-12-28 Tommy Chi Ho Lau , Joanna Drążkowska , Sebastian M. Stammler , Tilman Birnstiel , Cornelis P. Dullemond

Exoplanet surveys have confirmed one of humanity's (and all teenagers') worst fears: we are weird. If our Solar System were observed with present-day Earth technology -- to put our system and exoplanets on the same footing -- Jupiter is the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2022-02-23 Sean N. Raymond , Andre Izidoro , Alessandro Morbidelli