相关论文: Collective flow and balance energy in asymmetric h…

A very intuitive description of nucleus-nucleus collision phenomena is provided by the relativistic fluid dynamics. We consider a 1+1 dimensional relativistic imperfect fluid flow to approximate the high energy heavy ion collision. The…

Flow develops in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions via re-interactions among partons or/and hadrons. Characterizing flow is a crucial step towards understanding the formation of partonic matter. We review new measurements on…

Matter-antimatter asymmetries observed in high energy / relativistic heavy ion collisions and, differently, in the Early Universe are discussed considering ideas from the phase diagram of strong interactions with assumptions that do not…

Some experimental results are discussed in connection with the properties of the central heavy ion collisions. These experiments indicate the regime changes and saturation at some values of the centrality. This phenomenon is considered to…

Deciphering the origin of collective phenomena in small colliding systems is one of contemporary focuses in heavy-ion physics. It entails penetrating the barrier between two previously separated research topics:…

We present a study of the elliptic (v2) and triangular (v3) flow and their corresponding eccentricity fluctuations for asymmetric (Au+Ag, Au+Cu and Au+Si) collisions at \sqrt_NN = 200 GeV. These are compared to the corresponding results…

Detailed studies of the azimuthal dependence of the mean fragment and flow energies in the Au+Au and Xe+CsI systems are reported as a function of incident energy and centrality. Comparisons between data and model calculations show that the…

Basic concepts and terminology of relativistic heavy-ion collision physics are introduced and illustrated by experimental results. Most plots are taken from a recent ALICE overview paper arxiv:2211.04384 [nucl-ex].

We investigate the disappearance of collective flow in the reaction plane in heavy-ion collisions within a microscopic model (QMD). A systematic study of the impact parameter dependence is performed for the system Ca+Ca. The balance energy…

Collective flows in heavy-ion collisions from AGS ($(2-11)A$ GeV) to SPS ($(40,158)A$ GeV) energies are investigated in a nonequilibrium transport model with nuclear mean-field (MF). Sideward $<p_x>$, directed $v_1$, and elliptic flows…

The common interpretation of $v_2$ in heavy ion collisions is that it is produced by hydrodynamic flow at low transverse momentum and by parton energy loss at high transverse momentum. In this talk we discuss this interpretation in view of…

The phenomenon of collective flow in relativistic heavy ion collisions is studied using the hadronic cascade model ARC. Direct comparison is made to data gathered at the Bevalac, for Au+Au at $p=1-2$ GeV/c. In contrast to the standard lore…

In this paper we propose to thoroughly investigate asymmetric nuclear collisions both in the fixed target mode at the laboratory energy below 5 GeV per nucleon and in the collider mode with a center of mass energy below 11 GeV per nucleon.…

The evolution of a relativistic heavy-ion collision is typically understood as a process that transmutes the initial geometry of the system into the final momentum distribution of observed hadrons, which can be described via a cumulant…

Anisotropic flow coefficients beyond triangular flow receive important contributions from lower-order harmonics through nonlinear coupling. We present a theoretical framework which allows one to quantify the contribution induced by such…

Collective effects are reviewed for collisions of various systems - from proton-proton to heavy ion - in wide energy range. In proton-proton interactions studies of hadron jets devote to the better understanding of some basic features of…

The underlying scenario of low-energy heavy-ion collisions is presented based on time-dependent density-functional calculations. A classification of several types of reaction dynamics is given with respect to their time-scales.

Radial collective flow and thermalization are studied in gold on gold collisions at 150, 250 and 400 A MeV bombarding energies with a relativistically covariant formulation of a QMD code. We find that radial flow and "thermal" energies…

The dynamical development of collective flow is studied in a (3+1)D fluid dynamical model, with globally symmetric, peripheral initial conditions, which take into account the shear flow caused by the forward motion on the projectile side…

The ratio of (pseudo)rapidity density of transverse energy and the (pseudo)rapidity density of charged particles, which is a measure of the mean transverse energy per particle, is an important observable in high energy heavy-ion collisions,…