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Intracellular protein patterns regulate a variety of vital cellular processes such as cell division and motility, which often involve dynamic changes of cell shape. These changes in cell shape may in turn affect the dynamics of…

A key question in neuroscience is at which level functional meaning emerges from biophysical phenomena. In most vertebrate systems, precise functions are assigned at the level of neural populations, while single-neurons are deemed…

Since its foundations, more than one hundred years ago, the field of structural biology has strived to understand and analyze the properties of molecules and their interactions by studying the structure that they take in 3D space. However,…

This paper analyzes the channel impulse response of an absorbing receiver (RX) covered by multiple non-overlapping heterogeneous receptors with different sizes and arbitrary locations in a molecular communication system. In this system, a…

Various molecules exclusively accumulate at the front or back of migrating eukaryotic cells in response to a shallow gradient of extracellular signals. Directional sensing and signal amplification highlight the essential properties in the…

Molecular Communication (MC) is a bio-inspired communication paradigm utilizing molecules for information transfer. Research on this unconventional communication technique has recently started to transition from theoretical investigations…

The dynamics of network formation are generally very complex, making the study of distributions over the space of networks often intractable. Under a condition called conservativeness, I show that the stationary distribution of a network…

This work presents RNAdiffusion, a latent diffusion model for generating and optimizing discrete RNA sequences of variable lengths. RNA is a key intermediary between DNA and protein, exhibiting high sequence diversity and complex…

Stable diffusion models have ushered in a new era of advancements in image generation, currently reigning as the state-of-the-art approach, exhibiting unparalleled performance. The process of diffusion, accompanied by denoising through…

Neural networks are composed of neurons and synapses, which are responsible for learning in a slow adaptive dynamical process. Here we experimentally show that neurons act like independent anisotropic multiplex hubs, which relay and mute…

Based on a recently proposed non-equilibrium mechanism for spatial pattern formation [cond-mat/0312366] we study how morphogenesis can be controlled by locally coupled discrete dynamical networks, similar to gene regulation networks of…

Neurons primarily communicate through the emission of action potentials, or spikes. To generate a spike, a neuron's membrane potential must cross a defined threshold. Does this spiking mechanism inherently prevent neurons from transmitting…

Gene regulatory networks must relay information from extracellular signals to downstream genes in an efficient, timely and coherent manner. Many complex functional tasks such as the immune response require system-wide broadcasting of…

The circuits comprising superconducting optoelectronic synapses, dendrites, and neurons are described by numerically cumbersome and formally opaque coupled differential equations. Reference 1 showed that a phenomenological model of…

In many biological situations, a species arriving from a remote source diffuses in a domain confined between two parallel surfaces until it finds a binding partner. Since such a geometric shape falls in between two- and three-dimensional…

The action potential constitutes the digital component of the signaling dynamics of neurons. But the biophysical nature of the full-time course of the action potential associated with changes in membrane potential is mathematically distinct…

This paper investigates a spherical transmitter (TX) with a membrane covered by heterogeneous receptors of varying sizes and arbitrary locations for molecular communication (MC), where molecules are encapsulated within vesicles and released…

The background activity of a cortical neural network is modeled by a homogeneous integrate-and-fire network with unreliable inhibitory synapses. Numerical and analytical calculations show that the network relaxes into a stationary state of…

Diffusion models have emerged as a leading framework in generative modeling, poised to transform the traditionally slow and costly process of drug discovery. This review provides a systematic comparison of their application in designing two…

In this work, we consider diffusion-based molecular communication timing channels. Three different timing channels are presented based on three different modulation techniques, i.e., i) modulation of the release timing of the information…