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Many of the directly imaged self-luminous gas giant exoplanets have been found to have cloudy atmospheres. Scattering of the emergent thermal radiation from these planets by the dust grains in their atmospheres should locally give rise to…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-06-21 Sujan Sengupta , Mark S. Marley

Astrometric monitoring of stars provides a promising method for discovery of low-mass planets around nearby Sun-like stars. The astronomical community has proposed several telescopes designed to perform high-precision astrometric…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-20 Conaire Deagan , Benjamin T. Montet , P. Tuthill , M. Ferraro , R. Lyu , E. Sheehan

Understanding a planet's atmosphere is a necessary condition for understanding not only the planet itself, but also its formation, structure, evolution, and habitability, This puts a premium on obtaining spectra, and developing credible…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-18 Adam Burrows

It is possible to learn a great deal about exoplanet atmospheres even when we cannot spatially resolve the planets from their host stars. In this chapter, we overview the basic techniques used to characterize transiting exoplanets -…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-02-06 Laura Kreidberg

We present a novel machine-learning approach for detecting faint point sources in high-contrast adaptive optics imaging datasets. The most widely used algorithms for primary subtraction aim to decouple bright stellar speckle noise from…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2023-12-07 Trevor N. Wolf , Brandon A. Jones , Brendan P. Bowler

Among the group of extrasolar planets, transiting planets provide a great opportunity to obtain direct measurements for the basic physical properties, such as mass and radius of these objects. These planets are therefore highly important in…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2009-06-19 András Pál

Stellar contamination has long been recognized as a major bottleneck in transmission spectroscopy, limiting our ability to accurately characterize exoplanet atmospheres-particularly for terrestrial worlds. In response, significant…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-18 Thomas J. Fauchez , Elsa Ducrot , Benjamin V. Rackham , Kevin B. Stevenson , Laura C. Mayorga , Julien de Wit

Context: With no conclusive detection to date, the search for exomoons, satellites of planets orbiting other stars, remains a formidable challenge. Detecting these objects, compiling a population-level sample and constraining their…

Our understanding of extra-solar planet systems is highly driven by advances in observations in the past decade. Thanks to high precision spectrograph, we are able to reveal unseen companions to stars with the radial velocity method. High…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-04-25 Chien-Hsiu Lee

Over the last decade, precise exoplanet transmission spectroscopy has revealed the atmospheres of dozens of exoplanets, driven largely by observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope. One major discovery has been the ubiquity of…

Determining wavelength-dependent exoplanet radii measurements is an excellent way to probe the composition of exoplanet atmospheres. In light of this, Borsa et al. (2016) sought to develop a technique to obtain such measurements by…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-02-01 H. M. Cegla , C. Lovis , V. Bourrier , C. A. Watson , A. Wyttenbach

Precise and, if possible, accurate characterization of exoplanets cannot be dissociated from the characterization of their host stars. In this chapter we discuss different methods and techniques used to derive fundamental properties and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-29 Vardan Adibekyan , Sérgio G. Sousa , Nuno C. Santos

Exoplanet research is essential for understanding planetary formation and the potential for life beyond our solar system. The direct imaging method captures exoplanet light while minimizing light from the host star. This is conventionally…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2025-12-02 Suvinay Goyal , Yinzi Xin , Nemanja Jovanovic , Dimitri Mawet , Michael P. Fitzgerald

We present an analytic theory for the resolution attainable via eclipse mapping of exoplanets, based on the Fourier components of the brightness distribution on the planetary disk. We find that the impact parameter determines which features…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-10-16 Sasha Boone , David Grant , Mark Hammond

Direct detection, also known as direct imaging, is a method for discovering and characterizing the atmospheres of planets at intermediate and wide separations. It is the only means of obtaining spectra of non-transiting exoplanets.…

Over 300 extrasolar planets (exoplanets) have been detected orbiting nearby stars. We now hope to conduct a census of all planets around nearby stars and to characterize their atmospheres and surfaces with spectroscopy. Rocky planets within…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2009-11-17 J. Kasting , W. Traub , A. Roberge , A. Leger , A. Schwartz , A. Wooten , A. Vosteen , A. Lo , A. Brack , A. Tanner , A. Coustenis , B. Lane , B. Oppenheimer , B. Mennesson , B. Lopez , C. Grillmair , C. Beichman , C. Cockell , C. Hanot , C. McCarthy , C. Stark , C. Marois , C. Aime , D. Angerhausen , D. Montes , D. Wilner , D. Defrere , D. Mourard , D. Lin , E. Kite , E. Chassefiere , F. Malbet , F. Tian , F. Westall , G. Illingworth , G. Vasisht , G. Serabyn , G. Marcy , G. Bryden , G. White , G. Laughlin , G. Torres , H. Hammel , H. Ferguson , H. Shibai , H. Rottgering , J. Surdej , J. Wiseman , J. Ge , J. Bally , J. Krist , J. Monnier , J. Trauger , J. Horner , J. Catanzarite , J. Harrington , J. Nishikawa , K. Stapelfeldt , K. von Braun , K. Biazzo , K. Carpenter , K. Balasubramanian , L. Kaltenegger , M. Postman , M. Spaans , M. Turnbull , M. Levine , M. Burchell , M. Ealey , M. Kuchner , M. Marley , M. Dominik , M. Mountain , M. Kenworthy , M. Muterspaugh , M. Shao , M. Zhao , M. Tamura , N. Kasdin , N. Haghighipour , N. Kiang , N. Elias , N. Woolf , N. Mason , O. Absil , O. Guyon , O. Lay , P. Borde , P. Fouque , P. Kalas , P. Lowrance , P. Plavchan , P. Hinz , P. Kervella , P. Chen , R. Akeson , R. Soummer , R. Waters , R. Barry , R. Kendrick , R. Brown , R. Vanderbei , R. Woodruff , R. Danner , R. Allen , R. Polidan , S. Seager , S. MacPhee , S. Hosseini , S. Metchev , S. Kafka , S. Ridgway , S. Rinehart , S. Unwin , S. Shaklan , T. ten Brummelaar , T. Mazeh , V. Meadows , W. Weiss , W. Danchi , W. Ip , Y. Rabbia

The detection of exoplanets with the radial velocity method consists in detecting variations of the stellar velocity caused by an unseen sub-stellar companion. Instrumental errors, irregular time sampling, and different noise sources…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-09-06 L. A. Nieto , R. F. Díaz

In the last decade, over a million stars were monitored to detect transiting planets. Manual interpretation of potential exoplanet candidates is labor intensive and subject to human error, the results of which are difficult to quantify.…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-12-20 Kyle A. Pearson , Leon Palafox , Caitlin A. Griffith

A variety of terrestrial planets with different physical parameters and exotic atmospheres might plausibly exist outside our Solar System, waiting to be detected by the next generation of space-exploration missions. Some of these planets…