相关论文: Simplified PMT Model
An analytical function is derived that exactly describes the amplification process due to a series of discrete, Poisson-like amplifications like those in a photo multiplier tube (PMT). A numerical recipe is provided that implements this…
The accurate characterization of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is crucial in a wide-variety of applications. However, current methods do not give fully accurate representations of the response of a PMT, especially at very low light levels.…
The purpose of the present article is to offer an analytical model that can be used for the calibration of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The derivation of the mathematical formulae is discussed extensively and we apply this machinery to a…
It is critical to construct an accurate optical model of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in many applications to describe the angular and spectral responses of the photon detection efficiency (PDE) of the PMTs in their working media. In this…
We report on a low-cost apparatus to extend a photomultiplier tube (PMT) testing setup to operations at high humidity and/or at an elevated temperature. This setup allows a determination of whether a PMT can successfully operate for an…
Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are widely employed in particle and nuclear physics experiments. The accuracy of PMT waveform reconstruction directly impacts the detector's spatial and energy resolution. A key challenge arises when multiple…
A method is described that allows calibration and assessment of the linearity of response of an array of photomultiplier tubes. The method does not require knowledge of the photomultiplier single photoelectron response model and uses…
The linear response of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a required property for photon counting and reconstruction of the neutrino energy. The linearity valid region and the saturation response of PMT were investigated using a…
Model selection methods are used in different scientific contexts to represent a characteristic data set in terms of a reduced number of parameters. Apparently, these methods have not found their way into the literature on multibody systems…
In this article, a new method is discussed for the calibration and monitoring of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). This method is based on a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and it is fast and general so that it can be used in cases where an…
We have developed an accurate simulation model of the large 9 inch photomultiplier tubes (PMT) used in water-Cherenkov detectors of cosmic-ray induced extensive air-showers. This work was carried out as part of the development of the…
Multiport network theory (MNT) is a powerful analytical tool for modeling and optimizing complex systems based on circuit models. We present an overview of current research on the application of MNT to the development of electromagnetically…
It is common practice to test the optical properties of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) by illuminating the entire photocathode region from the front at once and measuring the average performance. However, for optimal utilisation of the PMT…
We successfully developed a new photomultiplier tube (PMT) with a three-inch diameter, convex-shaped photocathode, R13111. Its prominent features include good performance and ultra-low radioactivity. The convex-shaped photocathode realized…
Systems biology and whole-cell modelling are demanding increasingly comprehensive mathematical models of cellular biochemistry. These models require the development of simplified models of specific processes which capture essential…
Calculation of Raman scattering from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations requires accurate modeling of the evolution of the electronic polarizability of the system along its MD trajectory. For large systems, this necessitates the use of…
We describe a saturated absorption setup that is robust, compact and require minimum alignment. These properties are attained using a diffuse probe beam generated by a retro-reflecting film. This concept was studied and applied to built a…
I review the construction of Simplified Models for Dark Matter searches. After discussing the philosophy and some simple examples, I turn the attention to the aspect of the theoretical consistency and to the implications of the necessary…
The central institute of electronics (ZEA-2) in the Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) has developed a system to scan the response of the photocathode of photomultiplier tubes (PMT). The PMT sits tight on a supporting structure, while a blue…
A new computational model for the description of the photon detector response functions measured in conditions of low light is presented, together with examples of the observed photomultiplier signal amplitude distributions, successfully…