相关论文: Ice formation in the Arctic during summer: false-b…

We show that condensation is an efficient particle growth mechanism, leading to growth beyond decimeter-sized pebbles close to an ice line in protoplanetary discs. As coagulation of dust particles is frustrated by bouncing and…

Mammoths lived in Arctic East Siberia. In this region there is not sufficient sunlight over the year for the growth of the plants on which these animals feed. Therefore the latitude of this region was lower before the end of the…

In sharp contrast to the prevailing view that electric fields promote water freezing, here we show by molecular dynamics simulations that monolayer ice confined between two parallel plates can melt into liquid water under perpendicularly…

Among the over eighteen different forms of water ice, only the common hexagonal phase and a cubic phase are present in nature on Earth. The existence of these two polytypes, almost degenerate in energy, represents one of the most important…

The Little Ice Age in Europe (between about 1350 and 1850) marked the largest glacier extent over the entire Holocene period. Although several authors have investigated the causes of the substantial glacier advances in the mid-19th century…

A drop of water deposited on a cold plate freezes into an ice drop with a pointy tip. While this phenomenon clearly finds its origin in the expansion of water upon freezing, a quantitative description of the tip singularity has remained…

The low kinetic friction between ice and numerous counterbodies is commonly attributed to an interfacial water layer, which is believed to originate from pre-existing surface water or from melt water induced by high contact pressures or…

Using an intermediate complexity climate model (Planet Simulator), we investigate the so-called Snowball Earth transition. For certain values of the solar constant, the climate system allows two different stable states: one of them is the…

We assume that the Stefan problem with undercooling has a classical solution until the moment of contact of free boundaries and the free boundaries have continuous velocities until the moment of contact. Under these assumptions, we…

The primary data which determine the evolution of glaciation are the bedrock elevation and the surface mass balance. From this data, which we assume is defined over a fixed land region, the glacier's geometry solves a free boundary problem…

Coupled climate model simulations designed to isolate the effects of Arctic sea-ice loss often apply artificial heating, either directly to the ice or through modification of the surface albedo, to constrain sea-ice in the absence of other…

Variability in sea ice conditions, combined with strong couplings to the atmosphere and the ocean, lead to a broad range of complex sea ice dynamics. More in-situ measurements are needed to better identify the phenomena and mechanisms that…

Stefan problems relevant to burning oil-water systems are formulated. Two moving boundary sub-problems are defined: burning liquid surface and formation of a distillation ("hot zone") layer beneath it. The basic model considers a heat…

Understanding the coupled dynamics of liquid-solid phase change and fluid flows is crucial in a wide range of geophysical and industrial applications. When freezing occurs in saline water, the newly formed ice is mushy, with a porous…

The measurement data from the boundary layer measurement masts in Hamburg-Billwerder (Germany) and Hyytiala (Finland) make thermals visible. For this, the temperature and humidity data must first be transformed to be independent of…

The selection of stacking order in a broad range of close-packed polymorphic materials remains a challenging enigma. Using in situ cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, we uncover the atomistic mechanisms governing the vapour…

Liquid water is a critical component of habitability. However, the production and stability of surficial liquid water can be challenging on planets outside the Habitable Zone and devoid of adequate greenhouse warming. On such cold, icy…

The Sun was fainter when the Earth was young, but the climate was generally at least as warm as today; this is known as the `faint young Sun paradox'. Rosing et al. [1] claim that the paradox can be resolved by making the early Earth's…

I review published data relating to the growth of ice crystals from water vapor under various conditions, and I critically examine the different measurements to determine what useful information can be extracted from each. I show that most,…

Some microbes appear to be able to metabolize in glacial ice or permafrost. The rate depends on temperature, nutrient level, and bioelement availability, among other factors. I have developed a plausible argument that they do this while…