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The assumption that a complete description of an early state of the universe does not privilege any position or direction in space leads to a unified account of probability in cosmology, macroscopic physics, and quantum mechanics. Such a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2010-08-09 David Layzer

Quantum mechanics, one of the most successful theories in the history of science, was created to account for physical systems not describable by classical physics. Though it is consistent with all experiments conducted thus far, many of its…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-02-17 Gary Oas , J. Acacio de Barros

In physical theories, boundary or initial conditions play the role of selecting special situations which can be described by a theory with its general laws. Cosmology has long been suspected to be different in that its fundamental theory…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-25 Martin Bojowald

I argue that, contrary to the standard view, one cannot understand the structure and nature of our knowledge in physics without an analysis of the way that observers (and, more generally, measuring instruments and experimental arrangements)…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2020-06-05 Erik Curiel

The current description of fundamental interactions is based on two theories with the status of standard models. The electromagnetic and nuclear interactions are described at a quantum level by the Standard Model of particle physics, using…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2017-10-09 Erwan Allys

Based on the cosmological principle only, the method of describing the evolution of the Universe, called cosmography, is in fact a kinematics of cosmological expansion. The effectiveness of cosmography lies in the fact that it allows, based…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2018-12-07 Yu. L. Bolotin , V. A. Cherkaskiy , O. Yu. Ivashtenko , M. I. Konchatnyi , L. G. Zazunov

Principles in the form of heuristic guidelines or generally accepted dogma play an important role in the development of physical theories. In particular, philosophical considerations and principles figure prominently in the work of Albert…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2015-06-17 Lars Andersson

Cosmology is becoming an important tool to test particle physics models. We provide an overview of the standard model of cosmology with an emphasis on the observations relevant for testing fundamental physics.

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2017-01-31 Kerstin E. Kunze

Being mathematics a natural language to Mankind and to physics, it must be constantly adapted to our necessities and our natural perception. Then, mathematical concepts are not absolute to reality. Although mathematical theories are…

综合物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Mauricio Ayala

We show that the principles of a ''complete physical theory'' and the conclusions of the standard quantum mechanics do not irreconcilably contradict each other as is commonly believed. In the algebraic approach, we formulate axioms that…

量子物理 · 物理学 2007-05-23 D. A. Slavnov

The process of cognition is analysed to adjust the set theory to physical description. Postulates and basic definitions are revised. The specific sets of predicates, called presets, corresponding to the physical objects identified by an…

综合物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 Andrey V. Novikov-Borodin

We have a well-established standard model for cosmology and prospects for considerable additions from work in progress. I offer a list of elements of the standard model, comments on controversies in the interpretation of the evidence in…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 P. J. E. Peebles

The homogeneity of matter distribution at large scales, known as the cosmological principle, is a central assumption in the standard cosmological model. The case is testable though, thus no longer needs to be a principle. Here we perform a…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2017-06-21 Chan-Gyung Park , Hwasu Hyun , Hyerim Noh , Jai-chan Hwang

I offer an analysis of the Principle of Sufficient Reason and its relevancy for the scientific endeavour. I submit that the world is not, and cannot be, rational - only some brained beings are. The Principle of Sufficient Reason is not a…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2014-10-16 Gustavo E. Romero

Time-symmetric cosmological theories, in which the initial and final states are arranged to have similar features or are independently fixed, have been quite extensively discussed in the literature. However, a more general and perhaps more…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2012-04-20 Adrian Kent

The modern cosmology is based on inflationary models with baryosynthesis and dark matter/energy.It implies extension of particle symmetry beyond the Standard model. Studies of physical basis of the modern cosmology combine direct searches…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2016-11-08 M. Yu. Khlopov

Quantum field theory currently has a single standard mathematical characterization (the Standard Model), but no single accepted conceptual framework to interpret the mathematics. Many of these conceptualizations rely on intuitive concepts…

综合物理 · 物理学 2023-12-25 Christopher Thron

In 1+1 dimensional case, Einstein equation cannot give us any information on the evolution of the universe because the Einstein tensor of the system is identically zero. We study such a 1+1 dimensional cosmology and find the metric of it…

广义相对论与量子宇宙学 · 物理学 2007-05-23 Ding-fang Zeng , Hai-jun Zhao

Symmetries are widely used in modeling quantum systems but they do not contribute in postulates of quantum mechanics. Here we argue that logical, mathematical, and observational evidence require that symmetry should be considered as a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-08-26 Houri Ziaeepour

The basic hypothesis of a post-Copernican Cosmological theory is that {\em all the points} of the Universe have to be essentially equivalent: this hypothesis is required in order to avoid any privileged {\em observer}. This assumption has…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-10-28 L. Pietronero , F. Sylos Labini