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Due to the high error rate of qubits, detecting and correcting errors is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are one of the most promising quantum error correction…

Linear nested codes, where two or more sub-codes are nested in a global code, have been proposed as candidates for reliable multi-terminal communication. In this paper, we consider nested array-based spatially coupled low-density…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2021-02-23 Salman Habib , David G. M. Mitchell , Joerg Kliewer

Belief-propagation (BP) decoding for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes is appealing due to its low complexity, yet it often exhibits convergence issues due to quantum degeneracy and short cycles that exist in the Tanner graph.…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Mohsen Moradi , Vahid Nourozi , Salman Habib , David G. M. Mitchell

In this work, we propose a fully differentiable iterative decoder for quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. The proposed algorithm is composed of classical belief propagation (BP) decoding stages and intermediate graph neural…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-14 Anqi Gong , Sebastian Cammerer , Joseph M. Renes

The ordered-reliability bits (ORB) variant of guessing random additive noise decoding (GRAND), known as ORBGRAND, achieves remarkably low time complexity at high code rates compared to other GRAND variants. However, its computational…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Mohammad Rowshan , Jinhong Yuan

To reduce the implementation complexity of a belief propagation (BP) based low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder, shuffled BP decoding schedules, which serialize the decoding process by dividing a complete parallel message-passing…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2012-02-07 Yen-Cheng Hsu , Tofar C. -Y. Chang , Yu T. Su , Jian-Jia Weng

This paper investigates guesswork over ordered statistics and formulates the achievable guesswork complexity of ordered statistics decoding (OSD) in binary additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. The achievable guesswork complexity…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Chentao Yue , Changyang She , Branka Vucetic , Yonghui Li

The normalized min-sum algorithm can achieve near-optimal performance at decoding LDPC codes. However, it is a critical question to understand the mathematical principle underlying the algorithm. Traditionally, people thought that the…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2016-11-15 Xiaofei Huang

Min-Sum (MS) decoding is a popular low-complexity alternative to belief propagation (BP), retaining only the minimum incoming message magnitude during check-node (CN) processing, at the cost of systematic message magnitude overestimation.…

Low density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of linear block codes that are decoded by running belief propagation (BP) algorithm or log-likelihood ratio belief propagation (LLR-BP) over the factor graph of the code. One of the…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2011-07-15 A. Dinesh Kumar , Ambedkar Dukkipati

The performance of maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding on the binary erasure channel for finite-length low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes from two random ensembles is studied. The theoretical average spectrum of the Gallager ensemble is…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2018-11-21 Irina E. Bocharova , Boris D. Kudryashov , Vitaly Skachek , Eirik Rosnes , Øyvind Ytrehus

In this paper, we propose a belief-propagation (BP)-based decoder, termed the Multiple-Bases Belief-Propagation List Decoder (MBBP-LD), for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes. The key idea is to generate \emph{structured…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Sheida Rabeti , Hessam Mahdavifar

New algorithms for efficient decoding of polar codes (which may be CRC-augmented), transmitted over either a binary erasure channel (BEC) or an additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGNC), are presented. We start by presenting a new…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2021-07-14 Yonatan Urman , Guy Mogilevsky , David Burshtein

In this paper we study the impact of the processing order of nodes of a bipartite graph, on the performance of an iterative message-passing decoding. To this end, we introduce the concept of neighborhood reliabilities of graph's nodes.…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2007-07-13 Valentin Savin

We initiate the probabilistic analysis of linear programming (LP) decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Specifically, we show that for a random LDPC code ensemble, the linear programming decoder of Feldman et al. succeeds in…

Since its invention, polar code has received a lot of attention because of its capacity-achieving performance and low encoding and decoding complexity. Successive cancellation decoding (SCD) and belief propagation decoding (BPD) are two of…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2015-08-26 Syed Mohsin Abbas , YouZhe Fan , Ji Chen , Chi-Ying Tsui

Spatially-coupled low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, which were first introduced as LDPC convolutional codes, have been shown to exhibit excellent performance under low-complexity belief-propagation decoding. This phenomenon is now…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2015-01-16 Santhosh Kumar , Andrew J. Young , Nicolas Macris , Henry D. Pfister

In this letter, we propose a reliability-based windowed decoding scheme for spatially-coupled (SC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. To mitigate the error propagation along the sliding windowed decoder of the SC LDPC codes, a partial…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2018-05-10 Peng Kang , Yixuan Xie , Lei Yang , Jinhong Yuan

Cooperative optimization is a new way for finding global optima of complicated functions of many variables. It has some important properties not possessed by any conventional optimization methods. It has been successfully applied in solving…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2007-07-13 Xiaofei Huang

To enable fault tolerance on millions of qubits in real time, scalable decoding is necessary, which motivates this paper. Existing decoding algorithms (decoders), such as clustering, matching, belief propagation (BP), and neural networks,…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Yanzhang Zhu , Chen-Yu Peng , Yun Hao Chen , Yeong-Luh Ueng , Di Wu