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Quantum sensing is commonly described as a constrained optimization problem: maximize the information gained about an unknown quantity using a limited number of particles. Important sensors including gravitational-wave interferometers and…
In this research notebook in the four-part, quantum computation and applications, quantum computation and algorithms, quantum communication protocol, and universal quantum computation for quantum engineers, researchers, and scientists, we…
Processes such as quantum computation, or the evolution of quantum cellular automata are typically described by a unitary operation implemented by an external observer. In particular, an interaction is generally turned on for a precise…
In spite of their evident logical character, particle statistics symmetries are not among the inherently quantum features exploited in quantum computation. A difficulty may be that, being a constant of motion of a unitary evolution, a…
Quantum computers hold great promise, but it remains a challenge to find efficient quantum circuits that solve interesting computational problems. We show that finding optimal quantum circuits is essentially equivalent to finding the…
Quantum Computing is a new and exciting field at the intersection of mathematics, computer science and physics. It concerns a utilization of quantum mechanics to improve the efficiency of computation. Here we present a gentle introduction…
The main features of quantum computing are described in the framework of spin resonance methods. Stress is put on the fact that quantum computing is in itself nothing but a re-interpretation (fruitful indeed) of well-known concepts. The…
The escalating impacts of climate change and the increasing demand for sustainable development and natural resource management necessitate innovative technological solutions. Quantum computing (QC) has emerged as a promising tool with the…
A programmable quantum processor is a fundamental model of quantum computation. In this model, any quantum channel can be approximated by applying a fixed universal quantum operation onto an input state and a quantum `program' state, whose…
Quantum computing is concerned with computer technology based on the principles of quantum mechanics, with operations performed at the quantum level. Quantum computational models make it possible to analyze the resources required for…
Quantum computing has emerged as a transformative paradigm, capable of tackling complex computational problems that are infeasible for classical methods within a practical timeframe. At the core of this advancement lies the concept of…
We consider an example of a quantum algorithm from the point of view of the de Broglie-Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics. For concreteness we look at two particular implementations: one using spin-1/2 particles as described by a simple…
If a large Quantum Computer (QC) existed today, what type of physical problems could we efficiently simulate on it that we could not simulate on a classical Turing machine? In this paper we argue that a QC could solve some relevant physical…
Quantum computing is presently undergoing rapid development to achieve a significant speedup promised in certain applications. Nonetheless, scaling quantum computers remains a formidable engineering challenge, prompting exploration of…
A quantum computer is a multi-particle interferometer that comprises beam splitters at both ends and arms, where the n two-level particles undergo the interactions among them. The arms are designed so that relevant functions required to…
Quantum state tomography is a fundamental tool in quantum information processing. It allows us to estimate the state of a quantum system by measuring different observables on many identically prepared copies of the system. This is, in…
Through superposition, a quantum computer is capable of representing an exponentially large set of states, according to the number of qubits available. Quantum machine learning is a subfield of quantum computing that explores the potential…
This course of lectures has been taught for several years at the Lomonosov Moscow State University; its modified version in 2021 is read in the Zhejiang University (Hangzhou), in the framework of summer school on quantum computing. The…
The theory of quantum computation is presented in a self contained way from a computer science perspective. The basics of classical computation and quantum mechanics is reviewed. The circuit model of quantum computation is presented in…
Quantum computers have the potential to provide an advantage over classical computers in a number of areas. Numerous metrics to benchmark the performance of quantum computers, ranging from their individual hardware components to entire…