相关论文: X-Radiography of Cargo Containers
For a high energy electron facility, the estimates of induced radioactivity in materials are of major importance to keep exposure to personnel and to the environment as low as reasonably achievable. In addition, an accurate prediction of…
One of the main objectives of cosmic-ray studies are precise measurements of energy and chemical composition of particles with extreme energies. Large and sophisticated detectors are used to find events seen as showers starting in the…
We describe a feasible implementation of a novel X-ray detector for highly energetic x-ray photons with a large solid angle coverage, optimal for the detection of Compton x-ray scattered photons. The device consists of a 20~cm-thick…
Each successive generation of x-ray machines has opened up new frontiers in science, such as the first radiographs and the determination of the structure of DNA. State-of-the-art x-ray sources can now produce coherent high brightness keV…
The accurate determination of the elemental composition of cosmic rays at high energies is expected to provide crucial clues on the origin of these particles. Previous direct measurements of composition have been limited by experiment…
Muon tomography based on the measurement of multiple scattering of atmospheric cosmic ray muons is a promising technique for detecting and imaging heavily shielded high-Z nuclear materials such as enriched uranium. This technique could…
A compact, portable and large field-of-view gamma camera to identify, locate and quantify gamma-ray emitting radioisotopes in real-time has been developed. The device delivers spectroscopic and imaging capabilities, which allow one to use…
We study high-energy emission from the mergers of neutron star binaries as electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational waves aside from short gamma-ray bursts. The mergers entail significant mass ejection, which interacts with the…
The Earth is continuously showered by charged cosmic ray particles, naturally produced atomic nuclei moving with velocity close to the speed of light. Among these are ultra high energy cosmic ray particles with energy exceeding 5x10^19 eV,…
Laser-based sources of ionizing radiation have attracted a considerable attention in the last years for their broad potential applications. However the stability and robustness of such sources is still an issue that needs to be addressed.…
In the present work carried out at the Electrodynamics Laboratory Proton-21 with the use of X-ray electron probe microanalysis (XEPMA) and glow-discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS) techniques, we study the chemical composition of a substance…
Large-scale accretion shocks around massive clusters of galaxies, generically expected in hierarchical scenarios of cosmological structure formation, are shown to be potential sources of the observed ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) by…
Gamma-ray bursts have the potential to produce the particle energies (up to $10^{21}$ eV) and the energy budget ($10^{44} \rm{erg yr^{-1} Mpc^{-3}}$) to accommodate the spectrum of the highest energy cosmic rays; on the other hand, there is…
How and where cosmic rays are produced, and how they diffuse through various turbulent media, represent fundamental problems in astrophysics with far reaching implications, both in terms of our theoretical understanding of high-energy…
The nuclei that constitute a crystalline lattice, oscillate relative to each other with a very low energy that is not sufficient to penetrate through the Coulomb barriers separating them. An additional energy, which is needed to tunnel…
Particle accelerators have enabled forefront research in high energy physics and other research areas for more than half a century. Accelerators have directly contributed to 26 Nobel Prizes in Physics since 1939 as well as another 20 Nobel…
Betatron radiation is produced in Laser Plasma Accelerators when the electrons are accelerated and simultaneously wiggle across the propagation axis. The mechanisms of electron acceleration and X-ray radiation production follow different…
Rather than sending used containers and materials to the landfill, recycling can help lower the human impact on the environment. However, manually sorting the mixture of incoming material can be both costly and potentially harmful to the…
X-ray binaries are long-standing source candidates of Galactic cosmic rays and neutrinos. The compact object in a binary system can be the site for cosmic-ray acceleration, while high-energy neutrinos can be produced by the interactions of…
We show that the secondary electrons ejected from the ionization of heavy ions can be injected into the acceleration process that occurs at supernova remnant shocks. This electron injection mechanism works since ions are ionized during the…