相关论文: On the Clausius theorem

The situation connected with a possibility of CPT violation in neutrino sector is considered.

Fluctuation theorems impose constraints on possible work extraction probabilities in thermodynamical processes. These constraints are stronger than the usual second law, which is concerned only with average values. Here, we show that such…

Based on the generators of $SU(n)$ we present inequalities for detecting quantum entanglement for $2 \otimes d$ and $M \otimes N$ systems. These inequalities provide a sufficient condition of entanglement for bipartite mixed states and give…

We analyze and compare the mathematical formulations of the criterion for separability for bipartite density matrices and the Bell inequalities. We show that a violation of a Bell inequality can formally be expressed as a witness for…

For given non-consistent initial conditions, we study the stability of a class of generalised linear systems of difference equations with constant coefficients and taking into account that the leading coefficient can be a singular matrix.…

Examining textbooks of thermodynamics we have not able to find a proof of increasing of entropy under free adiabatic expansion in vacuum based on the state equation of the Van der Waals gas. This communication remedies the situation. During…

In this paper we introduce a simple and natural bipartite Bell scenario, by considering the correlations between two parties defined by general measurements in one party and dichotomic ones in the other. We show that unbounded Bell…

The phenomenon described by our title should surprise no one. What may be surprising though is how easy it is to produce a quantum system with this feature; moreover, that system is one that is often used for the purpose of showing how…

For macroscopic systems, the second law of thermodynamics establishes an inequality between the amount of work performed on a system in contact with a thermal reservoir, and the change in its free energy. For microscopic systems, this…

I review CP-violating signals of physics beyond the standard model in the B system. I examine the prospects for finding these effects at future colliders, with an emphasis on hadron machines.

There are several examples of bipartite entangled states of continuous variables for which the existing criteria for entanglement using the inequalities involving the second order moments are insufficient. We derive new inequalities…

Experimental signals for indirect CPT violation in the neutral-meson systems are studied in the context of a general CPT- and Lorentz-violating standard-model extension. In this explicit theory, some CPT observables depend on the meson…

We propose a new definition of metastability of Markov processes on countable state spaces. We obtain sufficient conditions for a sequence of processes to be metastable. In the reversible case these conditions are expressed in terms of the…

The irreversibility in a statistical system is traced to its probabilistic evolution, and the molecular chaos assumption is not its unique consequence as is commonly believed. Under the assumption that the rate of change of the each…

Bell inequality violation is one of the most widely known manifestations of entanglement in quantum mechanics; indicating that experiments on physically separated quantum mechanical systems cannot be given a local realistic description.…

It exists a large class of systems for which the traditional notion of extensivity breaks down. From experimental examples we induce two general hypothesis concerning such systems. In the first the existence of an internal coordinate system…

We examine how large violation of CP and T is allowed in long base line neutrino experiments. When we attribute only the atmospheric neutrino anomaly to neutrino oscillation we may have large CP violation effect. When we attribute both the…

Peculiar measurements can be obtained on systems that undergo both pre- and post-selection. We prove a conjecture from [1] on logical Pre- and Post-Selection (PPS) paradoxes for a restricted case. We prove that all of these paradoxes admit…

The optimization problems defining meta-stable or stationary equilibrium are explored. The Gibbs scheme is modified aiming to describe the statistical properties of a class of non-equilibrium and metastable states. The system is assumed to…

These notes derive a number of technical results on nonlinear contraction theory, a comparatively recent tool for system stability analysis. In particular, they provide new results on the preservation of contraction through system…