相关论文: On the Clausius theorem
We present an analysis of the foundations of the well known Clausius inequality. It is shown that, in general, the inequality is not a logical consequence of the Kelvin-Planck formulation of the second law of thermodynamics. Some thought…
The example of macroscopic thermodynamical system violating the Clausius inequality is presented.
The Clausius inequality, one of the classical formulations of the second law, was recently found to be violated in the quantum regime. Here this result is formulated in the context of a mesoscopic or nanoscale linear RLC circuit interacting…
We present an analysis of the foundations of the well known Clausius inequality. It is shown that, strictly speaking, the inequality is not a logical consequence of the Kelvin-Planck formulation of the second law of thermodynamics. Some…
The validity of the Second Law of thermodynamics, indisputable in the macroscopic world, is challenged at the mesoscopic level: a mesoscopic isolated system, possessing spatial dimensions of the order of a few microns, is capable, as shown…
A short review is given of some theoretical approaches to CPT violation. A potentially realistic possibility is that small apparent breaking of CPT and Lorentz symmetry could arise at the level of the standard model from spontaneous…
We analyze superpositions of ortho- and para-Helium states, considering the possible existence of stationary and metastable states in the system. In particular, the metastable superposition of 1s2s ortho and para states seems to be…
The Clausius inequality for closed systems was deduced from the Riemann integration of closed Carnot cycle loops for irreversible transitions. The corresponding inequalities for the recently developed open system Carnot cycles are derived…
The Fluctuation Theorem describes the probability ratio of observing trajectories that satisfy or violate the second law of thermodynamics. It has been proved in a number of different ways for thermostatted deterministic nonequilibrium…
The second law of thermodynamics is a fundamental law of Nature. It is almost universally associated with the Clausius inequality that lower bounds a change in entropy by the ratio of supplied heat and temperature. However, this result…
Some works have appeared in recent accredited literature considering the possibility of macroscopic violations of the second law in simulated as well as really executed experiments. We argue the inexistence of such violations in experiments…
Local systems may appear to violate Bell's inequalities if they are observed through suitable filters. The nonlocality leading to violation is outside the system and comprises the observer comparing the outcomes of the typical two wing Bell…
The correct laws of thermodynamics, either classical or quantum without probabilities of statistical quantum mechanics are valid for all systems, large or small, including systems of one spin or one particle only. So no violations can occur…
A generalized version of the Maximum Work Theorem is valid when the system is initially not at thermal equilibrium. In this work, we initially study the fraction of trajectories that violate this generalized theorem for a two simple…
We investigate nonequilibrium chemical reaction systems from the view point of steady state thermodynamics proposed by Oono and Paniconi [Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 130, 29 (1998)]. The concentrations of some compounds are operated by an…
We show that an appropriately defined fluctuation-dissipation theorem, connecting generalized susceptibilities and time correlation functions, is valid for times shorter than the nucleation time of the metastable state of Markovian systems…
The characterization of a quantum system can be complicated by non-ideal measurement processes. In many systems, the underlying physical measurement is only sensitive to a single fixed state, complementary outcomes are inferred by…
The experimental verification of the Fluctuation Theorem by Wang et al. is not a violation but even a confirmation of the second law, resulting from their observations in a proper interpretation.
We describe a new Bell test for two-particle entangled systems that engages an unbounded continuous variable. The continuous variable state is allowed to be arbitrary and inaccessible to direct measurements. A systematic method is…
The correspondence principle suggests that quantum systems grow classical when large. Classical systems cannot violate Bell inequalities. Yet agents given substantial control can violate Bell inequalities proven for large-scale systems. We…