相关论文: Monitoring Air Moisture with Laser Absorption Spec…

To monitor the acidity of rain water in real time, a rain water sampling system was developed. The rain sampler detects the initial rain after a dry spell and collects a water sample. Before performing the measurements, the pH probe is…

Laser-plasma based experiments are always more demanding about the plasma features which need to be generated during the interaction. This is valid for laser-plasma acceleration as well as for inertial confinement fusion experiments. Most…

The distortion of images of faint background galaxies by (weak) gravitational lensing can be used to measure the mass distribution of the deflector. The image distortions can be used to define a weighted mean of the mass inside a circular…

We introduce the holographic air-quality monitor (HAM) system, uniquely tailored for monitoring large particulate matter (PM) over 10 um in diameter, i.e., particles critical for disease transmission and public health but overlooked by most…

Optical absorption measurements characterize a wide variety of systems from atomic gases to \emph{in-vivo} diagnostics of living organisms. Here we study the potential of non-classical techniques to reduce statistical noise below the…

The standard experimental techniques usually adopted in the study of the behaviour of ultracold atoms in optical lattices involve extracting the atom density profile from absorption images of the atomic sample after trap release. Quantum…

We show how impurity atoms can measure moments of ultracold atomic gas densities, using the example of bosons in a one-dimensional lattice. This builds on a body of work regarding the probing of systems by measuring the dephasing of an…

The quality of air is closely linked with the life quality of humans, plantations, and wildlife. It needs to be monitored and preserved continuously. Transportations, industries, construction sites, generators, fireworks, and waste burning…

We present a quantitative shadowgraphic method which can measure the density of a laser-generated plasma in air with sensitivity and resolution comparable or better than traditional interferometric techniques. Simultaneous comparison of…

We present a method to estimate the segregation parameter, $S,$ a key input in a continuum transport model of particulate flows. $S$ is determined by minimizing the difference between measured and model-predicted concentration profiles. To…

The diffusion of atoms and molecules in ices covering dust grains in dense clouds in interstellar space is an important but poorly characterized step in the formation of complex molecules in space. Here we report the measurement of…

Accurate knowledge of absorption coefficient of a sample is a prerequisite for measuring the third order optical nonlinearity of materials, which could become a serious limitation for unknown samples. We introduce a new method, which…

The accurate determination of atom numbers is an ubiquitous problem in the field of ultracold atoms. For modest atom numbers, absolute calibration techniques are available, however, for large numbers and high densities, the available…

Water absorption is identified in the atmosphere of HD209458b by comparing models for the planet's transmitted spectrum to recent, multi-wavelength, eclipse-depth measurements (from 0.3 to 1 microns) published by Knutson et al. (2007). A…

In this paper we review air shower data related to the mass composition of cosmic rays above 10$^{15}$ eV. After explaining the basic relations between air shower observables and the primary mass and energy of cosmic rays, we present…

We present a numerical study of the structural correlations associated to gas adsorption/desorption in silica aerogels in order to provide a theoretical interpretation of scattering experiments. Following our earlier work, we use a…

How to weigh something as precise as possible is a constant endeavor for human being, and mass sensing has been essential to scientific research and many other aspects of modern society. In this work, we explore a special approach to mass…

Air shower simulation programs are essential tools for the analysis of data from cosmic ray experiments and for planning the layout of new detectors. They are used to estimate the energy and mass of the primary particle. Unfortunately the…

The article discusses methods for measuring the speed of sound, scattering, attenuation and absorption of sound in liquids, on the basis of which the structural diagrams of modern devices have been developed. In real conditions, acoustic…

This article presents an algorithm for reducing measurement uncertainty of one physical quantity when given oversampled measurements of two physical quantities with correlated noise. The algorithm assumes that the aleatoric measurement…