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We investigate the construction of prefix-free and fix-free codes with specified codeword compositions. We present a polynomial time algorithm which constructs a fix-free code with the same codeword compositions as a given code for a…

Describes a near-linear-time algorithm for a variant of Huffman coding, in which the letters may have non-uniform lengths (as in Morse code), but with the restriction that each word to be encoded has equal probability. [See also ``Huffman…

Let $P = \{p(i)\}$ be a measure of strictly positive probabilities on the set of nonnegative integers. Although the countable number of inputs prevents usage of the Huffman algorithm, there are nontrivial $P$ for which known methods find a…

We describe an algorithm computing an optimal prefix free code for $n$ unsorted positive weights in time within $O(n(1+\lg \alpha))\subseteq O(n\lg n)$, where the alternation $\alpha\in[1..n-1]$ measures the amount of sorting required by…

Huffman coding finds an optimal prefix code for a given probability mass function. Consider situations in which one wishes to find an optimal code with the restriction that all codewords have lengths that lie in a user-specified set of…

Alphabetic codes and binary search trees are combinatorial structures that abstract search procedures in ordered sets endowed with probability distributions. In this paper, we design new linear-time algorithms to construct alphabetic codes,…

This paper presents lossless prefix codes optimized with respect to a pay-off criterion consisting of a convex combination of maximum codeword length and average codeword length. The optimal codeword lengths obtained are based on a new…

We present a new algorithm for dynamic prefix-free coding, based on Shannon coding. We give a simple analysis and prove a better upper bound on the length of the encoding produced than the corresponding bound for dynamic Huffman coding. We…

We give the first algorithm for adaptive alphabetic prefix-free coding that is worst-case optimal in terms of time and compression when $\sigma \in o \left( \frac{n^{1 / 2}}{\log n} \right)$, where $\sigma$ is the size of the alphabet and…

In this paper, we study the problem of designing prefix-free encoding schemes having minimum average code length that can be decoded efficiently under a decode cost model that captures memory hierarchy induced cost functions. We also study…

We study the problems of finding a shortest synchronizing word and its length for a given prefix code. This is done in two different settings: when the code is defined by an arbitrary decoder recognizing its star and when the code is…

We consider the problem of constructing prefix-free codes in which a designated symbol, a space, can only appear at the end of codewords. We provide a linear-time algorithm to construct almost-optimal codes with this property, meaning that…

We describe an algorithm computing an optimal prefix free code from $N$ unsorted positive integer weights in time linear in the number of machine words holding those weights. This algorithm takes advantage of common non-algebraic…

An alphabetic binary tree formulation applies to problems in which an outcome needs to be determined via alphabetically ordered search prior to the termination of some window of opportunity. Rather than finding a decision tree minimizing…

Let $P = \{p(i)\}$ be a measure of strictly positive probabilities on the set of nonnegative integers. Although the countable number of inputs prevents usage of the Huffman algorithm, there are nontrivial $P$ for which known methods find a…

We address the problem of constructing a fast lossless code in the case when the source alphabet is large. The main idea of the new scheme may be described as follows. We group letters with small probabilities in subsets (acting as super…

For the discrete memoryless sources with a countably infinite alphabet, we prove that for any positive integer $k$, there exists a corresponding probability interval such that if the largest symbol probability $p_{1}$ falls in this…

A variable-length code is a fix-free code if no codeword is a prefix or a suffix of any other codeword. In a fix-free code any finite sequence of codewords can be decoded in both directions, which can improve the robustness to channel noise…

Non-overlapping codes are block codes that have arisen in diverse contexts of computer science and biology. Applications typically require finding non-overlapping codes with large cardinalities, but the maximum size of non-overlapping codes…

The optimal prefix-free machine U is a universal decoding algorithm used to define the notion of program-size complexity H(s) for a finite binary string s. Since the set of all halting inputs for U is chosen to form a prefix-free set, the…