物理学
Complex component systems are collections of discrete units such as species, words, genes, whose observed realizations are naturally summarized by component counts. Many empirical laws have been observed in those systems, such as Taylor's…
This is an introductory course on quantum probability and quantum information, based on matrix algebras.
We demonstrate that realistic excitonic many-body Hamiltonians obtained from first-principles GW-Bethe-Salpeter equation calculations can exhibit quantum chaos governed by random-matrix universality. Considering a prototypical van der Waals…
Quasar microlensing is uniquely sensitive to the size-scale of the accretion flow, offering one of the few direct probes of the accretion structure on micro-arcsecond scales. However, microlensing-based measurements in the optical and UV…
We report high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements on the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) antiferromagnetic metal KMn6Bi5 up to 12.5 GPa, revealing the detailed pressure evolution of its atomic coordination environment. We…
Accurate interpretation of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) signals in grey matter (GM) remains challenging due to the complex, heterogeneous, and densely packed cellular environment. Numerical phantoms provide a controlled…
Hybrid mode-selective photonic lanterns transform an input complex point-spread function into several single-mode outputs, where a selected core feeds the fundamental mode to a photonic science instrument, while the remaining cores are used…
Seidr is a new interferometric beam combiner within the Asgard Suite, utilizing infrastructure common to the Bifrost instrument at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer. Seidr combines hybrid mode-selective photonic lantern injection…
Topological data analysis (TDA) is a machine learning technique that uses topology to extract patterns from data and has shown the potential to exhibit quantum advantage. A key concept in TDA is persistent homology, which measures the…
The Hayabusa2# mission will perform a high-speed flyby of near-Earth asteroid (98943) Torifune on 5 July 2026, offering a rare opportunity to compare a pre-encounter spin and shape model derived from convex light-curve inversion with…
To make quantum algorithms executable on a particular quantum device, they need to be compiled into circuits that respect constraints of the quantum hardware. This compilation usually involves multiple steps, where many hardware-compatible…
We formulate false-vacuum decay in a mixed-field Ising chain with $1/r^\alpha$ interactions as a spatially nonlocal Euclidean $\phi^4$ theory featuring a fractional spatial kinetic term $\sim |q|^\sigma$, where $\sigma=\alpha-1$. The…
In various approaches to quantum gravity, spacetime geometry is understood to emerge from more fundamental discrete structures at the Planck scale. As sometimes posited, their presence could lead to dissipative effects in the smooth…
We present an overview of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) science potential in the area of extragalactic spectral lines besides 21-cm neutral hydrogen. It highlights the main points from the SKAO Science Book chapters on…
Cu-doped TiO$_2$ thin films for hydrogen sensing were synthesised by reactive DC magnetron sputtering in Ar/O$_2$/He mixtures, with the He fraction used as a control parameter for film growth. By combining normal-angle deposition (NAD) and…
Heteroatom substitution is a powerful route to tune the chemical and electronic properties of carbon nanomaterials. In particular, replacement of an sp2 hybridized carbon atom in the graphene lattice with a nitrogen atom (denoted as…
The recent discovery of an excess of luminous galaxies in the early Universe necessitates sensitive and wideband millimeter spectroscopy to understand their rapid growth. To address this, we present the development of the Far-Infrared…
We develop a Wigner-based phase-space framework for mean paraxial wave propagation in random media. Starting from the random parabolic wave equation, we derive the exact evolution of the realization-dependent Wigner distribution and…
The redshifted spectral emission from neutral hydrogen (HI) at rest wavelength 21 cm can be used as a tracer of large-scale structure and its evolution. Within the HI intensity mapping method, sufficient signal-to-noise is achieved by…
This work presents the design and fabrication of a compact permanent magnet based on an optimized stacked structure of fifteen NdFeB rings. The tunable NS-SN-NS configuration generates a central magnetic field of 0.8T with a reconstructed…