组织与器官
The current management of critical size bone defects (CSBDs) remains challenging and requires multiple surgeries. To reduce the number of surgeries, wrapping a biodegradable fibrous membrane around the defect to contain the graft and carry…
Photodynamically active fibres (PAFs) are a novel class of stimulus-sensitive systems capable of triggering antibiotic-free antibacterial effect on-demand when exposed to light. Despite their relevance in infection control, however, the…
Cell-free translational strategies are needed to accelerate the repair of mineralised tissues, particularly large bone defects, using minimally invasive approaches. Regenerative bone scaffolds should ideally mimic aspects of the tissue's…
Polymer-based hydrogels have been widely applied for chronic wound therapeutics, due to their well-acclaimed wound exudate management capability. At the same time, there is still an unmet clinical need for simple wound diagnostic tools to…
Antimicrobial biomaterials are critical to aid in the regeneration of oral soft tissue and prevent or treat localised bacterial infections. With the rising trend in antibiotic resistance, there is a pressing clinical need for new…
DNA methylation is a well-studied genetic modification that regulates gene transcription of Eukaryotes. Its alternations have been recognized as a significant component of cancer development. In this study, we use the DNA methylation 450k…
The atlas of human acupoints and meridians has been utilized in clinical practice for almost a millennium although the anatomical structures and functions remain to be clarified. It has recently been reported that a long-distance…
Bile, the central metabolic product of the liver, is secreted by hepatocytes into bile canaliculi (BC), tubular subcellular structures of 0.5-2 $\mu$m diameter which are formed by the apical membranes of juxtaposed hepatocytes. BC…
Branching morphogenesis generates epithelial trees which facilitate gas exchange, filtering, as well as secretion processes with their large surface to volume ratio. In this review, we focus on the developmental mechanisms that control the…
Interest for in silico modelling of the absorption of xenobiotics into the skin has been growing in the last years, owing to their lower cost compared to experimental alternatives, and the desire to avoid animal experimentation. This review…
Optimization of crop production requires root systems to function in water uptake, nutrient use, and anchorage. In maize, two types of nodal roots-subterranean crown and aerial brace roots function in anchorage and water uptake and…
Biological invasion, whereby populations of motile and proliferative individuals lead to moving fronts that invade into vacant regions, are routinely studied using partial differential equation (PDE) models based upon the classical…
Immunotherapies use components of the patient immune system to selectively target cancer cells. The use of CAR T cells to treat B-cell malignancies --leukaemias and lymphomas-- is one of the most successful examples, with many patients…
Long-term bone healing/adaptation after a dental implant treatment starts with diffusion of mesenchymal stem cells to the fracture callus and their subsequent differentiation. The healing phase is followed by the bone-remodeling phase. In…
As pump thrombosis is reduced in current-generation ventricular assist devices (VAD), adverse events such as bleeding or stroke remain at unacceptable rates. Thrombosis around the VAD inlet cannula (IC) has been highlighted as a possible…
We propose an interpretable 3D Grid-Attention deep neural network that can accurately predict a person's age and whether they have Alzheimer's disease (AD) from a structural brain MRI scan. Building on a 3D convolutional neural network, we…
This work is concerned with modeling and simulation of the mitral valve, one of the four valves in the human heart. The valve is composed of leaflets, the free edges of which are supported by a system of chordae, which themselves are…
Diabetes affects more than 425 million people worldwide, a scale approaching pandemic proportion. Diabetes represents a major risk factor for stroke, and therefore is actively addressed for stroke prevention. However, how diabetes affects…
Aim: To determine the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression rates in sarcomatoid lung carcinomas and to compare clinicopathologic features and survival rates of PD-L1-positive and negative patients. Methods: PD-L1 expression was…
A critical barrier in the nephrology field is the lack of appropriate in vitro renal tubule models that allow manipulation of various mechanical factors, facilitating studies of disease pathophysiology and drug discovery. Here we report…