种群与进化
Partial differential equation (PDE) models for infectious disease have received renewed interest in recent years. Most models of this type extend classical compartmental formulations with additional terms accounting for spatial dynamics,…
Malignant gliomas (MGs), particularly glioblastoma, are among the most aggressive brain tumors, with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Maximal safe resection and the so-called Stupp protocol are the standard first-line…
Mobile genetic elements like conjugative plasmids play a crucial role in shaping the genetic content and population dynamics of bacterial species. Bacterial populations often contain not one, but multiple co-circulating MGEs, which modify…
This chapter introduces evolutionary antifragility as the time-scale interaction characteristics of a natural dynamic system. It describes the benefit derived from input distribution unevenness, based on the emergent system dynamics and its…
Amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, public health authorities and the general population are striving to achieve a balance between safety and normalcy. Ever changing conditions call for the development of theory and simulation tools to…
We introduce SLiM-Gym, a Python package for integrating reinforcement learning (RL) with forward-time population genetic simulations. Wright-Fisher evolutionary dynamics offer a tractable framework for modeling populations across discrete…
Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) can drive oncogene amplification, gene expression and intratumor heterogeneity, representing a major force in cancer initiation and progression. The phenomenon becomes even more intricate as distinct types of…
We introduce GenPhylo, a Python module that simulates nucleotide sequence data along a phylogeny avoiding the restriction of continuous-time Markov processes. GenPhylo uses directly a general Markov model and therefore naturally…
The study of infectious disease propagation is essential for understanding and controlling epidemics. One of the most useful tools for gaining insights into the spread of infectious diseases is mathematical modelling. In terms of…
Invasive rodents pose significant ecological, economic, and public health challenges. Robust methods are needed for estimating population abundance to guide effective management. Traditional methods such as capture-recapture are often…
This paper analyzes the relationships between demographic and state-based evolutionary games and Hamilton's rule. It is shown that the classical Hamilton's rule (counterfactual method), combined with demographic payoffs, leads to easily…
Vaccination policies play a central role in public health interventions and models are often used to assess the effectiveness of these policies. Many vaccines are leaky, in which case the observed vaccine effectiveness depends on the force…
In this paper we generalise a simple discrete time stochastic SIR type model defined by Tuckwell and Williams. The SIR model by Tuckwell and Williams assumes a homogeneous population, a fixed infectious period, and a strict transition from…
In 1997, T. H. E. Meuwissen published a groundbreaking article titled 'Maximizing the response of selection with a predefined rate of inbreeding', in which he provided an optimized solution for the trade-off between genetic response and…
Econometrics in general, and Panel Data methods in particular, are becoming crucial in Public Health Economics and Social Policy analysis. In this discussion paper, we employ a helpful approach of Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS)…
The Lotka-Volterra model is widely used to model interactions between two species. Here, we generate synthetic data mimicking competitive, mutualistic and antagonistic interactions between two tumor cell lines, and then use the…
The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 clade 2.3.4.4b has triggered an unprecedented global panzootic. As the frequency and scale of HPAI H5 outbreaks continue to rise, understanding how wild birds contribute to shape the global…
Free-ranging dogs (Canis familiaris) thrive in diverse landscapes, including those heavily modified by humans. This study investigated the influence of resource availability on their spatial ecology across 52 rural and 41 urban sites,…
Evolution is the process of optimal adaptation of biological populations to their living environments. This is expressed via the concept of fitness, defined as relative reproductive success. However, it has been pointed out that this…
Spatial patterning is common in ecological systems and has been extensively studied via different modeling approaches. Individual-based models (IBMs) accurately describe nonlinear interactions at the organism level and the stochastic…