神经元与认知
The brain solves the credit assignment problem remarkably well. For credit to be assigned across neural networks they must, in principle, wait for specific neural computations to finish. How the brain deals with this inherent locking…
We show here that what we call visual space of consciousness, the space of what we see, is a specific space different from the purely physical one and that its properties imply that it cannot be reduced to or deduced from physical laws.…
The response time of physical computational elements is finite, and neurons are no exception. In hierarchical models of cortical networks each layer thus introduces a response lag. This inherent property of physical dynamical systems…
In neuroscience, classical Hopfield networks are the standard biologically plausible model of long-term memory, relying on Hebbian plasticity for storage and attractor dynamics for recall. In contrast, memory-augmented neural networks in…
Rhythms and vibrations represent the quintessence of life, they are ubiquitous (systemic) in all living systems. Recognising, unfolding these rhythms is paramount in medicine, for example in the physiology of the heart, lung, hearing,…
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used for understanding brain function in neurologically intact subjects and for the treatment of various disorders. However, the precise neurophysiological effects of TMS at the site of…
Biological synaptic plasticity exhibits nonlinearities that are not accounted for by classic Hebbian learning rules. Here, we introduce a simple family of generalized nonlinear Hebbian learning rules. We study the computations implemented…
Learning and memory impairments are common characteristics of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild Alzheimer's disease (miAD). Early diagnosis of MCI is necessary to prevent recurrence of the disease and developing of…
Recent studies indicate that the neurons involved in a cognitive task aren't locally limited but span out to multiple human brain regions. We obtain network components and their locations for the task of listening to music. The recorded EEG…
Linear Non-Linear(LN) models are widely used to characterize the receptive fields of early-stage auditory processing. We apply the principle of efficient coding to the LN model of Spectro-Temporal Receptive Fields(STRFs) of the neurons in…
Current diagnostic practice in psychiatry is not relying on objective biophysical evidence. Recent pandemic emphasized the need to address the rising number of mood disorders (in particular, depression) cases in a more efficient way. We are…
Exposures to a hypomagnetic field can affect biological processes. Recently, it has been observed that hypomagnetic field exposure can adversely affect adult hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent cognition in mice. In the same…
For the last several decades, emotion research has attempted to identify a "biomarker" or consistent pattern of brain activity to characterize a single category of emotion (e.g., fear) that will remain consistent across all instances of…
Biological neural systems encode and transmit information as patterns of activity tracing complex trajectories in high-dimensional state-spaces, inspiring alternative paradigms of information processing. Heteroclinic networks, naturally…
Late-life depression (LLD) is characterized by considerable heterogeneity in clinical manifestation. Unraveling such heterogeneity would aid in elucidating etiological mechanisms and pave the road to precision and individualized medicine.…
How do pedestrians choose their paths within city street networks? Researchers have tried to shed light on this matter through strictly controlled experiments, but an ultimate answer based on real-world mobility data is still lacking. Here,…
In recent years it has become clear that the brain maintains a temporal memory of recent events stretching far into the past. This paper presents a neurally-inspired algorithm to use a scale-invariant temporal representation of the past to…
Active inference is a normative framework for explaining behaviour under the free energy principle -- a theory of self-organisation originating in neuroscience. It specifies neuronal dynamics for state-estimation in terms of a descent on…
Several brain disorders can be detected by observing alterations in the brain's structural and functional connectivities. Neurological findings suggest that early diagnosis of brain disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), can…
The statistics of the output activity of a neuron during its stimulation by the stream of input impulses that forms the stochastic Poisson process is studied. The leaky integrate-and-fire neuron is considered as a neuron model. A new…