神经元与认知
As artificially intelligent systems become more anthropomorphic and pervasive, and their potential impact on humanity more urgent, discussions about the possibility of machine consciousness have significantly intensified, and it is…
A number of studies have indicated a potential association between prenatal exposure to radiation and late mental disabilities. This is believed to be due to long-term developmental changes and functional impairment of the central nervous…
How the human brain processes information during different cognitive tasks is one of the greatest questions in contemporary neuroscience. Understanding the statistical properties of brain signals during specific activities is one promising…
The inquiry into the origin of brain complexity remains a pivotal question in neuroscience. While synaptic stimuli are acknowledged as significant, their efficacy often falls short in elucidating the extensive interconnections of the brain…
This report enlists 13 functional conditions cashed out in computational terms that have been argued to be constituent of conscious valenced experience. These are extracted from existing empirical and theoretical literature on, among…
Hierarchically modular organization is a canonical network topology that is evolutionarily conserved in the nervous systems of animals. Within the network, neurons form directional connections defined by the growth of their axonal…
The human brain receives complex inputs when performing cognitive tasks, which range from external inputs via the senses to internal inputs from other brain regions. However, the explicit inputs to the brain during a cognitive task remain…
Purpose: Facial expression production and perception in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggest potential presence of behavioral biomarkers that may stratify individuals on the spectrum into prognostic or treatment subgroups. Construct…
Artificial neural networks are often interpreted as abstract models of biological neuronal networks, but they are typically trained using the biologically unrealistic backpropagation algorithm and its variants. Predictive coding has been…
Human brain is a massive information generation and processing machine. Studying the information flow may provide unique insight into brain function and brain diseases. We present here a tool for mapping the regional information flow in the…
Our interaction with others largely hinges on how we semantically organize the social world. The organization of such conceptual information is not static -- as we age, our experiences and ever-changing anatomy alter how we represent and…
The stability--robustness--resilience--adaptiveness continuum in neuronal processing follows a hierarchical structure that explains interactions and information processing among the different time scales. Interestingly, using "canonical"…
Recently discovered constituents of the brain waves -- the oscillons -- provide high-resolution representation of the extracellular field dynamics. Here we study the most robust, highest-amplitude oscillons that manifest in actively…
Originally developed as a theory of consciousness, integrated information theory provides a mathematical framework to quantify the causal irreducibility of systems and subsets of units in the system. Specifically, mechanism integrated…
There have been suggestions that heat caused by cerebral metabolic activity may constrain mammalian brain evolution, architecture, and function. This article investigates physical limits on brain wiring and corresponding changes in brain…
The correlations of several fundamental properties of human brain connections are investigated in a consensus connectome, constructed from 1064 braingraphs, each on 1015 vertices, corresponding to 1015 anatomical brain areas. The properties…
The basal ganglia (BG) in the brain exhibit diverse functions for motor, cognition, and emotion. Such BG functions could be made via competitive harmony between the two competing pathways, direct pathway (DP) (facilitating movement) and…
This study investigates the efficacy of adapted boxing, specifically Rock Steady Boxing, in mitigating dopamine decline in individuals with Parkinson disease. The research involved 40 participants with confirmed diagnosis of Parkinson…
Humans construct internal cognitive maps of their environment directly from sensory inputs without access to a system of explicit coordinates or distance measurements. While machine learning algorithms like SLAM utilize specialized visual…
In recent years, advances in neuroscience and artificial intelligence have paved the way for unprecedented opportunities for understanding the complexity of the brain and its emulation by computational systems. Cutting-edge advancements in…