等离子体物理
We present laboratory results on energy partitioning from supercritical, magnetized collisionless shock experiments ($\rm{M_A} \sim 8$, $\rm{M_{ms}}\sim 4$). We report the first observation of fully-developed laboratory shocks that evolve…
The accurate determination of electron properties is fundamental to low-temperature plasma simulations, necessitating precise solutions to the spatially inhomogeneous electron Boltzmann equation (EBE). This work explores the use of…
Turbulence in the solar wind is characterized by Alfv\'enic fluctuations that exhibit spherical polarization, a geometric condition resulting in the nearly constant magnitude of the magnetic field. This property persists even during the…
In thermonuclear plasmas, plasma ions undergoing nuclear reactions emit gamma-rays with energies in the MeV range. Their spectroscopy can convey much plasma information, such as the DT fusion power, the spatial and velocity distributions of…
We report experimental observations of a controlled transition from a zonal-flow (ZF) dominated regime to a coexistence regime of ZFs and streamers, and finally to a streamer-dominated state in a linear magnetized plasma column. The…
Yinsen is a high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) tokamak reactor concept for off-grid applications such as maritime propulsion, remote power, and industrial energy. Rather than pursuing grid-scale power density, the design is anchored to…
This manuscript provides a detailed and extended analysis of the breakeven conditions for nuclear fusion based on beam-target interactions, distinct from conventional plasma-based approaches. Building on the energy-based criterion…
Tokamaks and stellarators are the leading magnetic-confinement concepts for fusion, but they rely on complementary design principles. Tokamaks use simple axisymmetric coils and plasma current, whereas stellarators use externally generated…
An analytical expression for the diffusion wall time of a toroidally segmented conducting shell (the Armadillo configuration) is derived by extending the continuous-shell formulation to include the non-axisymmetric current pattern imposed…
The robust diagnosis of conditions generated in warm dense matter (WDM) experiments remains a persistent challenge. Here we describe the measurement of shock-compressed aluminium at 50 GPa with angle-resolved femtosecond x-ray Thomson…
The anisotropic diffusion of electrons with various rigidity and the anomalous conductivity of a collisionless plasma in the presence of Weibel-generated quasi-static turbulent and uniform external magnetic fields are examined. Using an…
Systematic discrepancies between electron temperature (Te) measurements from radially viewing electron cyclotron emission (ECE) and Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostics have been observed in multiple tokamaks and are widely attributed to…
Low-pressure radio-frequency capacitively coupled plasmas operated in Ar/O$_2$ gas mixtures are widely adopted in critical semiconductor manufacturing processes. O($^3$P) and O($^1$D) are key highly reactive species for oxidation or as…
We present iGENE, a fully-differentiable TensorFlow implementation of the electromagnetic local nonlinear gyrokinetic model, which allows us to compute gradients of any simulation output with respect to any input via automatic…
Pre-plasma conditions strongly influence laser-plasma interactions in the multi-petawatt (MPW) regime, increasing the need for reliable early-time plasma evolution diagnostics. Among available pre-plasma diagnostics, interferometry remains…
Hydrogen and some of its derivatives (such as e-methanol, e-methane, and e-ammonia) are promising energy carriers that have the potential to replace conventional fuels, thereby eliminating their harmful environmental impacts. An innovative…
Inspired by the design for the simple Columbia Non-neutral Torus (CNT) proposed by Pedersen and Boozer (Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 205002(2002)), and later revisited by Yu et al. (J. Plasma Phys. 88 905880306 (2022)), this work explores…
The physical mechanism underlying the L--H transition in tokamaks has remained an open problem for over forty years. We present three-dimensional flux-driven two-fluid simulations in a diverted geometry that exhibit a confinement transition…
Simulations and observations of the low-latitude magnetosphere-magnetosheath boundary layer indicate that the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) drives vortex structures that enhance plasma mixing and magnetic reconnection, influencing…
Future large-scale magnetic confinement fusion reactors require operational regimes that can avoid extreme heat fluxes onto the plasma-facing components. One promising regime is the X-point radiator (XPR), which relies on a highly…