物理学史与哲学

The concept of "reality" is often raised in the context of philosophical foundations of physics or interpretations of quantum mechanics. When this term is so raised, it is a warning to me that I am about to be led down a rabbit hole. Such…

In the 60's Professor Chen Ping Yang with Professor Chen Ning Yang published several seminal papers on the study of Bethe's hypothesis for various problems of physics. The works on the lattice gas model, critical behaviour in liquid-gas…

Modern physics is founded on two mainstays: mathematical modelling and empirical verification. These two assumptions are prerequisite for the objectivity of scientific discourse. Here we show, however, that they are contradictory, leading…

Satanandacharya the astronomer and mathematician of 11th century was born in 1068 C.E. at Purusottamdham Puri of Odisha wrote the scripture Bhasvati in 1099 C.E.. The scripture has significant contribution to world of Astronomy and…

In the first part of this paper we summarize the discovery and the early study of the gamma-ray bursts. The second part studies the spatial and sky distribution of the bursters. The brightness distribution is also studied. In the conclusion…

In most introductory courses on electrodynamics, one is taught the electric charge is quantised but no theoretical explanation related to this law of nature is offered. Such an explanation is postponed to graduate courses on…

Discoveries come through exclusions, confirmations or revolutionary findings with respect to a theory canon populated by the Standard Model (SM) and beyond the SM (BSM) theories. Guaranteed discoveries are accomplished only through pursuit…

The question of Einstein's rejection of the November tensor is re-examined in light of conflicting answers by several historians. I discuss these conflicting conjectures in view of three questions that should inform our thinking: Why did…

The so-called \textit{China crisis}, well documented in \textit{History of the IAU} by Adriaan Blaauw and in \textit{Under the Same Starry Sky: History of the IAU} by Chengqi Fu and Shuhua Ye, refers to the withdrawal in 1960 of the…

One of the mayor topics in astronomy at the beginning of the 19th century was the interpretation of the observations of the first asteroids. In 1810 Christian Ludwig Gerling at the age of twenty two came to G\"ottingen University to…

Analogue experiments have attracted interest for their potential to shed light on inaccessible domains. For instance, `dumb holes' in fluids and Bose-Einstein condensates, as analogues of black holes, have been promoted as means of…

Despite the importance of the variational principles of physics, there have been relatively few attempts to consider them for a realistic framework. In addition to the old teleological question, this paper continues the recent discussion…

The discovery of the missing atmospheric muon neutrinos known as the atmospheric neutrino anomaly, is briefly described. Learned and Lipari gave a general review of atmospheric neutrinos at the conference, including the discovery of the…

Analysis of the both type (flint-forward and crown-forward) achromatic doublets was carried out. The investigation revealed possible initial approximations which could be used by opticians at producing of the achromatic doublets in last…

This paper argues against the proposal to draw from current research into a physical theory of quantum gravity the ontological conclusion that spacetime or spatiotemporal relations are not fundamental. As things stand, the status of this…

The comparison of geometrical properties of black holes with classical thermodynamic variables reveals surprising parallels between the laws of black hole mechanics and the laws of thermodynamics. Since Hawking's discovery that black holes…

Influenced by the renaissance of general relativity that came to pass in the 1950s, the character of cosmology fundamentally changed in the 1960s as it became a well-established empirical science. Although observations went to dominate its…

Although black holes are objects of central importance across many fields of physics, there is no agreed upon definition for them, a fact that does not seem to be widely recognized. Physicists in different fields conceive of and reason…

Indigenous peoples across the world observe the motions and positions of stars to develop seasonal calendars. Additionally, changing properties of stars, such as their brightness and colour, are also used for predicting weather. Combining…

It is well known that, following the emergence of the first evidence for an expanding universe, Albert Einstein banished the cosmological constant term from his cosmology. Indeed, he is reputed to have labelled the term, originally…