数据分析、统计与概率

Complex systems are found in most branches of science. It is still argued how to best quantify their complexity and to what end. One prominent measure of complexity (the statistical complexity) has an operational meaning in terms of the…

Any physiochemical variable (Ym) is always determined from certain measured variables {Xi}. The uncertainties {ui} of measuring {Xi} are generally a priori ensured as acceptable. However, there is no general method for assessing uncertainty…

The set of kinetic equations describing the process of conversion of a beam of protons into mesons and then to neutrinos is solved. The asymptotic evolution of the density profile of neutrinos is essentially the same as that obtained in the…

The width and shape of photon burst histograms pose significant limitations to the identification of single molecules in micro/nano-fluidic channels, and the nature of these histograms is not fully understood. To reach a deeper…

Heterogeneous diffusion processes occur in many different fields such as transport in living cells or diffusion in porous media. A characterization of the transport parameters of such processes can be achieved by ensemble-based methods,…

It has recently been shown that an unbinned distance-based statistic, the energy, can be used to construct an extremely powerful nonparametric multivariate two sample goodness-of-fit test. An extension to this method that makes it possible…

Bolometers have proven to be good detectors for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay. By operating at cryogenic temperatures, they feature excellent energy resolution and low background. The detection of the possible light emitted…

We consider the editorial processing of papers in scientific journals as a human activity process based on the decision making. A functional form of the probability distributions of random variables describing a human dynamics is studied…

Several methods to extract an asymmetry parameter in an event distribution function are discussed and compared in terms of statistical precision and applicability. These methods are: simple counting rate asymmetries, event weighting…

When data do not conform to the hypothesis of a known sampling-variance, the fitting of a constant to the set of measured values is a long debated problem. Given the data, the fitting would require to find which measurand value is most…

We investigate the presence of residual multifractal background for monofractal signals which appears due to the finite length of the signals and (or) due to the long memory the signals reveal. This phenomenon is investigated numerically…

P2P systems have grown dramatically in recent years. The most popular type of P2P systems are file sharing networks, which are used to share various types of content over the Internet. Due to the increase in popularity of P2P systems, the…

Scatter processes of photons lead to blurring of images. Multiple scatter can usually be described by one Gaussian convolution kernel. This can be a crude approximation and we need a linear combination of 2/3 Gaussian kernels to account for…

Over the last years, a great deal of attention has been focused on complex networked systems, characterized by intricate structure and dynamics. The latter has been often represented in terms of overall statistics (e.g. average and standard…

Suppose an observable x is the measured value (negative or non-negative) of a true mean mu (physically non-negative) in an experiment with a Gaussian resolution function with known fixed rms deviation s. The most powerful one-sided upper…

Bayesian probability theory is used as a framework to develop a formalism for the scientific method based on principles of inductive reasoning. The formalism allows for precise definitions of the key concepts in theories of physics and also…

A "monkey book" is a book consisting of a random distribution of letters and blanks, where a group of letters surrounded by two blanks is defined as a word. We compare the statistics of the word distribution for a monkey book with the…

GELATIO is a new software framework for advanced data analysis and digital signal processing developed for the GERDA neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. The framework is tailored to handle the full analysis flow of signals recorded…

In particle physics, the likelihood ratio ordering principle is frequently used to determine confidence regions. This method has statistical properties that are superior to that of other confidence regions. But it often requires intensive…

In this paper, we adopt the concept of pheromone to generate a set of static paths that can reach the performance of global dynamic routing strategy [Phys. Rev. E 81, 016113(2010)]. In the test stage, pheromone is dropped to the nodes by…