大气与海洋物理
The atmospheric greenhouse effect and the hydrological cycle of Earth are key components enabling the planet to support life. Water vapor is a central element in both of these, accounting for approximately half of the present day greenhouse…
We compare the available wind resources for conventional wind turbines and for airborne wind energy systems. Accessing higher altitudes and dynamically adjusting the harvesting operation to the wind resource substantially increases the…
The transport and deposition of heavy particles over complex surface topography by turbulent fluid flow is an important problem in a number of disciplines, including sediment and snow transport, ecology and plant pathology, aeolian…
An enhanced acoustic scatterer reflectance layer was observed in the bathypelagic zone around 1650 m in the subtropical NE-Atlantic Ocean for about two months during autumn. It resembles a classic pattern of diapause-resting, possibly of…
Analytical solutions are derived for the steady-state size distributions of precipitating rain and snow particles assuming growth via collection of suspended cloud particles. Application of the Liouville equation to the transfer of…
Anomaly-diffusing energy balance models (AD-EBM) are routinely employed to analyze and emulate the warming response of both observed and simulated Earth systems. We demonstrate a deficiency in common multi-layer as well as…
The surface air temperature daily records at the land-based locations with different climate conditions (from Arctic to Patagonia) have been studied on the daily to intraseasonal time scales (low frequency annual and seasonal variations…
Almost all remote sensing atmospheric PM2.5 estimation methods need satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) products, which are often retrieved from top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance via an atmospheric radiative transfer model. Then, is it…
Results of direct numerical simulations have been used to show that intensive thermal convection in a horizontal layer and on a hemisphere can be described by the distributed chaos approach. The vorticity and helicity dominated distributed…
Low-latitude rainfall variability on the daily to intraseasonal timescale is often related to tropical waves, including convectively coupled equatorial waves, the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and tropical disturbances. Despite the…
Field measurements of second-mode internal solitary waves (mode-2 ISWs) during the winter on the upper continental slope of the northern South China Sea were reported in Yang et al. (2009), but their generation mechanism remains elusive. We…
Condensational growth of cloud droplets due to supersaturation fluctuations is investigated by solving the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic equations using direct numerical simulations with droplets being modeled as Lagrangian particles. The…
Using trajectories from acoustically tracked (RAFOS) floats in the Gulf of Mexico, we construct a geography of its Lagrangian circulation within the 1500--2500-m layer. This is done by building a Markov-chain representation of the…
We derive exact analytical expressions for flow configurations that optimize the instantaneous growth rate of energy in the linear Eady problem, along with the associated growth rates. These optimal perturbations are relevant linear…
Experiments investigating the attenuation and dispersion of surface waves in a variety of ice covers are performed using a refrigerated wave flume. The ice conditions tested in the experiments cover naturally occurring combinations of…
The linear response function (LRF) of an idealized GCM, the dry dynamical core with Held-Suarez physics, is used to accurately compute how eddy momentum and heat fluxes change in response to the zonal wind and temperature anomalies of the…
Because wind-generated waves can propagate over large distances, wave spectra from a fixed point can record information about air-sea interactions in distant areas. In this study, the spectral wave climate is computed for a specific…
The exchanges of water, nutrients and oxygen between the coastal and open ocean are key components of on-shelf nutrient budgets and biogeochemical cycles. On a regional scale, submarine canyons enhance physical processes such as shelf-slope…
We use the Global Historical Climatology Network--daily database to calculate trends in sea-level atmospheric pressures, their variance and the variance of their day-to-day differences in nine regions of the world. Changes in pressure…
Over the past decade, the Internet of Things and smart devices have become increasingly common as part of the technological infrastructure that surrounds us. The flow of data generated by these systems is characterized by enormous…