天体物理仪器与方法
The visibility of stars is often used for cloud detection using all-sky cameras, which have however only a limited reach and resolution near the horizon due to the lack of detectable stars. At the Pierre Auger Observatory, it is also used…
Deep sub-diffraction exoplanet discovery currently lies beyond the reach of state-of-the-art direct imaging coronagraphs, which typically have an inner working angle larger than the diffraction scale. We present an experimental…
Fifty years after the very first sounding rocket measurement of cosmic X-ray polarization, the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) mission has effectively opened a new window into the X-ray sky. Prior to launch of IXPE, an extensive…
Adaptive optics systems are critical in any application where highly resolved imaging or beam control must be performed through a dynamic medium. Such applications include astronomy and free-space optical communications, where light…
We investigate the relevance of {\sl self-organized criticality (SOC)} models in previously published empirical datasets, which includes statistical observations in astrophysics, geophysics, biophysics, sociophysics, and informatics. We…
The detection of artificial satellite thermal emission at millimeter wavelengths is presented using data from the 3rd-Generation receiver on the South Pole Telescope (SPT-3G). This represents the first reported detection of thermal emission…
This paper describes advances in solar magnetography and developments in instrumental techniques of polarimetry and spectroscopy made at Paris-Meudon observatory in the second half of the twentieth century. The adventure started from Lyot…
Astronomical data is rich in volume, information and facets. Although this offers multiple research perspectives, processing the data remains a challenge. Infrastructures for analyzing, inspecting, exploring and communicating with data are…
Unsupervised learning algorithms like self-organizing Kohonen maps are a promising approach to gain an overview among massive datasets. With UltraPINK, researchers can train, inspect, and explore self-organizing maps, whereby the toolbox of…
We present the construction and early results of ESPARTACO 2, the new stellar spectrograph built for research and education at the Astronomical Observatory of the Universidad de los Andes in Bogot\'a, Colombia. This instrument offers…
Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) combines the signals of telescopes distributed across thousands of kilometres to provide some of the highest angular resolution images of astrophysical phenomena. Due to computational expense,…
Multiple-Amplifier Sensing (MAS) charge-coupled devices (CCDs) have recently been shown to be promising silicon detectors that meet noise sensitivity requirements for next generation Stage-5 spectroscopic surveys and potentially, future…
The Euclid ERO showcase Euclid's capabilities in advance of its main mission, targeting 17 astronomical objects, from galaxy clusters, nearby galaxies, globular clusters, to star-forming regions. A total of 24 hours observing time was…
The near-infrared calibration unit (NI-CU) on board Euclid's Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) is the first astronomical calibration lamp based on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to be operated in space. Euclid is a mission in…
The Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) on board the Euclid satellite provides multiband photometry and R>=450 slitless grism spectroscopy in the 950-2020nm wavelength range. In this reference article we illuminate the…
This paper presents the specification, design, and development of the Visible Camera (VIS) on the ESA Euclid mission. VIS is a large optical-band imager with a field of view of 0.54 deg^2 sampled at 0.1" with an array of 609 Megapixels and…
Extremely-Low Lunar Orbits (eLLOs) (altitudes $\leq 50$ km) exhibit severe perturbations due to the highly non-spherical lunar gravitational field, presenting unique challenges to orbit maintenance. These altitudes are too low for the…
Next-generation gravitational wave detectors (GWDs) such as the Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope demand extensive ultra-high vacuum systems, making material cost and performance critical considerations. This study investigates the…
The ngVLA science requirements call for continuum image dynamic ranges of 45 dB and 35 dB at 8 and 27 GHz respectively. In interferometric aperture synthesis imaging, visibility amplitude and phase errors result in errors in the final…
The Black Hole Explorer (BHEX) mission extends the submillimeter Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) to space. The preliminary baseline design of a shaped axial-symmetric displaced-axis dual-reflector antenna for the BHEX is presented.…