Vogel universality and beyond
Abstract
For simple Lie algebras we construct characteristic identities for split (polarized) Casimir operators in representations and , where -- defining (minimal fundamental for exceptional Lie algebras) representation, -- n-Cartan powers of the adjoint representations and Y_n' -- special representations appeared in the Clebsch-Gordan decomposition of symmetric part of . By means of these characteristic identities, we derive (for all simple Lie algebras, except ) explicit formulae for invariant projectors onto irreducible subrepresentations arose in the decomposition of . These projectors and characteristic identities are written in the universal form for all simple Lie algebras (except ) in terms of Vogel parameters. Universal formulas for the dimensions of the Casimir subrepresentations appeared in the decompositions of where found.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2601.01612,
title = {Vogel universality and beyond},
author = {A. P. Isaev},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.01612},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
40 pages. The Introduction has been improved and Subsection 2.2 has been expanded. We have added a new subsection with an example of calculating universal color (group) factors for an infinite set of Feynman diagrams in non-Abelian gauge theories. The bibliography has been updated to reflect these changes