T2K 神变振荡实验的超细粒度探测器
仪器与探测器
2026-03-17 v1 高能物理 - 实验
摘要
长基线神变振荡实验 T2K 的磁性近测站 ND280 已进行升级，以提升探测性能，从而增强对神变-核相互作用的理解，降低对神变振荡参数测量中系统不确定性的贡献。升级的关键组件是一种新型分段塑料荧光探测器，称为超细粒度探测器 (SuperFGD)，其由约 200 万颗 optically 隔离的 1 cm 小立方体组成，这些立方体通过三个正交的波长移位 (WLS) 光纤读取。Scintillation 光子由 55,888 个 Hamamatsu 多像素光子计数器 (MPPC) 检测。SuperFGD 通过跟踪从各向异性方式产生的最终态带电粒子来提供神变相互作用的 3D 图像，包括能量约为 330 MeV/ 的质子。SuperFGD 的高光量产 greatly 改善了粒子鉴别，亚纳秒级时间分辨率 excellent 地识别了 Michel 电子。SuperFGD 还能够探测来自神变相互作用的中子，并首次在神变实验中通过精细探测器分段和亚纳秒级时间飞行测量来重构这些中子的动能。在本文中，详细描述了探测器的设计、建造和性能。该探测器于 2023 年安装于 ND280 并成功地随 cosmic 数据进行了 commissioning，随后又随 T2K 神变束照射。该探测器的响应已通过 2023 和 2024 年的数据进行表征，结果在本文中报告。
引用
@article{arxiv.2603.14921,
title = {The Super Fine-Grained Detector for the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment},
author = {S. Abe and H. Alarakia-Charles and I. Alekseev and T. Arai and T. Arihara and S. Arimoto and A. M. Artikov and Y. Awataguchi and N. Babu and V. Baranov and G. Barr and D. Barrow and L. Bartoszek and A. Beliakova and L. Bernardi and L. Berns and S. Bhattacharjee and A. V. Boikov and A. Blondel and A. Bonnemaison and F. Cadoux and S. Cap and A. Cauchois and J. Chakrani and P. S. Chong and A. Chvirova and M. Danilov and C. Davis and V. Davouloury and Yu. I. Davydov and A. Dergacheva and C. Domangue and D. Douqa and T. A. Doyle and O. Drapier and A. Eguchi and J. Elias and G. Erofeev and Y. Favre and D. Fedorova and S. Fedotov and D. Ferlewicz and Y. Fujii and R. Fujita and Y. Furui and F. Gastaldi and A. Gendotti and A. Germer and L. Giannessi and C. Giganti and V. Glagolev and R. Guillaumat and I. Heitkamp and J. Hu and C. Husi and A. K. Ichikawa and T. H. Ishida and A. Izmaylov and K. Iwamoto and M. Jakkapu and C. Jesús-Valls and J. Y. Ji and J. Juneau and C. K. Jung and H. Kakuno and M. Kawaue and P. T. Keener and M. Khabibullin and N. V. Khomutov and A. Khotjantsev and T. Kikawa and H. Kikutani and N. V. Kirichkov and H. Kobayashi and T. Kobayashi and L. Koch and S. Kodama and A. O. Kolesnikov and M. Kolupanova and T. Koto and Y. Kudenko and S. Kuribayashi and T. Kutter and M. Lachat and K. Lachner and M. Lamers James and D. Last and N. Latham and D. Leon Silverio and B. Li and W. Li and C. Lin and M. Louzir and T. Lux and K. K. Mahtani and S. Manly and D. A. Martinez Caicedo and N. Mashin and T. Matsubara and C. Mauger and K. S. McFarland and C. McGrew and J. McKean and A. Mefodiev and E. Miller and O. Mineev and A. Minamino and A. L. Moreno and A. Muñoz and T. Nakadaira and K. Nakagiri and T. Nakaya and J. Nanni and L. Nicolas and V. Nguyen and E. Noah Messomo and T. Nosek and H. M. O'Keeffe and T. Ogawa and W. Okinaga and L. Osu and V. Paolone and G. Pelleriti and L. Pickering and M. A. Ramírez and M. Reh and G. Reina and C. Riccio and A. Rubbia and F. Saadi and K. Sakashita and N. Sallin and F. Sanchez and T. Schefke and C. Schloesser and D. Sgalaberna and A. Shaikovskiy and N. Shvarev and A. Shvartsman and Y. Shiraishi and N. Skrobova and A. Speers and M. Smy and D. Svirida and S. Tairafune and M. Tani and H. Tanigawa and A. Teklu and S. Tereshchenko and V. V. Tereshchenko and T. Tsushima and M. Tzanov and R. Van Berg and I. I. Vasilyev and T. Vladisavljevic and D. Wakabayashi and H. Wallace and A. Weber and N. Whitney and C. Wret and Y. Xu and Y. Yang and N. Yershov and A. J. P. Yrey and M. Yokoyama and Y. Yoshimoto and X. Y. Zhao and H. Zheng and H. Zhong and T. Zhu and E. D. Zimmerman and M. Zito},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.14921},
year = {2026}
}