基于液态氦表面的电子自旋量子计算
摘要
已提出多种物理系统用于构建量子计算机，但巨大的挑战阻碍了即使构建拥有几百个量子比特(qubit)的系统。 Several 方法利用电子自旋作为 qubit。此处提出电子自旋漂浮在液态氦表面将成为优异的 qubit。这些电子可以像半导体异质结构中的电子一样被电场约束和操控，但由于处于真空中，氦面上的自旋受到的相干性损耗要小得多。特别是，自旋轨道相互作用减小，因此对量子比特施加门电压来移动它们对其相干性影响微乎其微。考虑剩余的相干性来源，预计氦面上的电子自旋相干时间可超过 100 秒。我们展示了如何使用磁偶极-偶极相互作用实现两个 qubit 之间的受控-NOT 操作。
引用
@article{arxiv.cond-mat/0301581,
title = {Spin-based quantum computing using electrons on liquid helium},
author = {S. A. Lyon},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:cond-mat/0301581},
year = {2007}
}
备注
12 pages, 2 figures. This is a considerably revised version. Some of the approaches suggested for devices have changed. In particular I have eliminated the Stern-Gerlach devices, since they would be difficult to make (though possible, I think, but you'll need to look in v1 for the discussion). More spin decoherence mechanisms have been considered and typos (including some in equations) have been fixed. However, the basic ideas and conclusions are unchanged. This version has been submitted to Phys. Rev. A. (and I'll try to get it cross-listed in quant-ph, where it probably belongs)