重新思考 N(H2)/I(CO) 转换因子
摘要
提出了对 X 因子的改进公式。利用 \citet{Martin84} 对云状介质中线发射的形式化方法,对 线的速度积分辐射温度 所蕴含的视线上脱离光致饱和的云团进行量化。采用热化 线发射和等温气体的简化假设,定义了有效光致饱和度 ,其值为云团在每个速度区间内的填充因子与云团沿中心视线光致饱和度 函数形式的乘积。云团的有效光致饱和度可准确地以 的幂律形式表示,幂律指数 称为云团的“蓬松度”,其取值范围为 0 到 1。虽然 线在每个云团内部是脱离光致饱和的(即高 ),但对这些云团而言是脱离光致饱和的(即低 )。因此 随 的依赖为线性,从而导致 X 因子仅取决于云团的性质,{\it 不}直接依赖于整个云。假设云团达到瀑布化,可得 X 因子的表达式,其对密度和温度等物理参数的依赖被幂指数小于 1 的指数所“平缓”处理,这些指数取决于蓬松度参数 。X 因子用于估算气体柱密度,因为每个视线在特定狭小速度范围内都包含脱离光致饱和的气体。从脱离光致饱和气体确定柱密度是直接的, 参数随后允许将脱离光致饱和气体的柱密度外推至全部气体的柱密度。
引用
@article{arxiv.astro-ph/0610209,
title = {Rethinking the N(H2)/I(CO) Conversion Factor},
author = {W. F. Wall},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:astro-ph/0610209},
year = {2008}
}
备注
A very short and incomplete version of this appears in RMAA, 42, 117. Given that is a first draft, comments are appreciated. This first draft was updated - I removed an unnecessary warning on the first page. In the third revision I fixed some typos and beefed up the motivation: This is the first major improvement in understanding the X-factor since the '80s because it includes radiative transfer ... etc The fourth version is the same as the third version but I accidentally left an unnecessary warning in that version. The fourth version is free of that