利用短基线定位 M87* 喷流中缺失的大尺度发射
高能天体物理现象
2026-05-06 v1 天体物理仪器与方法
摘要
在甚长基线干涉仪阵列中，几乎共址的台站探测最大尺度，且通常无法分辨观测源。在不存在大尺度结构时，由这些台站构成的闭合相位为零，且由于它们独立于基于台站的误差，可用于探测数据问题。在此，我们通过对共址台站进行展开，展示了这些平凡的闭合相位如何在其短基线所暗示的更小尺度上随亮度分布变为非零。当应用于由明亮致密分量和大尺度漫射分量组成的源时，平凡的闭合相位直接测量了相对于致密源的质心和高阶图像矩。我们提出了一种以最少模型假设测量这些图像矩的技术，并在合成的 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 数据上进行了验证。随后，我们将该技术应用于 2017 年和 2018 年 M87* 的 EHT 观测数据，发现微弱地倾向于大尺度喷流方向存在延展发射。我们还将该技术应用于 2021 年的 EHT 数据，测得源质心位于致密环西北约 1 mas 处，这与在较低频率下观测到的喷流相一致。
引用
@article{arxiv.2601.13356,
title = {Locating the missing large-scale emission in the jet of M87* with short EHT baselines},
author = {Boris Georgiev and Paul Tiede and Sebastiano D. von Fellenberg and Michael Janssen and Iniyan Natarajan and Lindy Blackburn and Jongho Park and Erandi Chavez and Andrew T. West and Kotaro Moriyama and Jun Yi Koay and Hendrik Müller and Dhanya G. Nair and Avery E. Broderick and Maciek Wielgus and Kazunori Akiyama and Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz and Antxon Alberdi and Walter Alef and Juan Carlos Algaba and Richard Anantua and Keiichi Asada and Rebecca Azulay and Uwe Bach and Anne-Kathrin Baczko and David Ball and Mislav Baloković and Bidisha Bandyopadhyay and John Barrett and Michi Bauböck and Bradford A. Benson and Dan Bintley and Raymond Blundell and Katherine L. Bouman and Geoffrey C. Bower and Michael Bremer and Roger Brissenden and Silke Britzen and Dominique Broguiere and Thomas Bronzwaer and Sandra Bustamante and Douglas F. Carlos and John E. Carlstrom and Andrew Chael and Chi-kwan Chan and Dominic O. Chang and Koushik Chatterjee and Shami Chatterjee and Ming-Tang Chen and Yongjun Chen and Xiaopeng Cheng and Paul Chichura and Ilje Cho and Pierre Christian and Nicholas S. Conroy and John E. Conway and Thomas M. Crawford and Geoffrey B. Crew and Alejandro Cruz-Osorio and Yuzhu Cui and Brandon Curd and Rohan Dahale and Jordy Davelaar and Mariafelicia De Laurentis and Roger Deane and Gregory Desvignes and Jason Dexter and Vedant Dhruv and Indu K. Dihingia and Sheperd S. Doeleman and Sergio A. Dzib and Ralph P. Eatough and Razieh Emami and Heino Falcke and Joseph Farah and Vincent L. Fish and Edward Fomalont and H. Alyson Ford and Marianna Foschi and Raquel Fraga-Encinas and William T. Freeman and Per Friberg and Christian M. Fromm and Antonio Fuentes and Peter Galison and Charles F. Gammie and Roberto García and Olivier Gentaz and Ciriaco Goddi and Roman Gold and Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz and José L. Gómez and Minfeng Gu and Mark Gurwell and Kazuhiro Hada and Daryl Haggard and Ronald Hesper and Dirk Heumann and Luis C. Ho and Paul Ho and Mareki Honma and Chih-Wei L. Huang and Lei Huang and David H. Hughes and Shiro Ikeda and C. M. Violette Impellizzeri and Makoto Inoue and Sara Issaoun and David J. James and Buell T. Jannuzi and Britton Jeter and Wu Jiang and Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales and Michael D. Johnson and Svetlana Jorstad and Adam C. Jones and Abhishek V. Joshi and Taehyun Jung and Ramesh Karuppusamy and Tomohisa Kawashima and Garrett K. Keating and Mark Kettenis and Dong-Jin Kim and Jae-Young Kim and Jongsoo Kim and Junhan Kim and Motoki Kino and Prashant Kocherlakota and Yutaro Kofuji and Patrick M. Koch and Shoko Koyama and Carsten Kramer and Joana A. Kramer and Michael Kramer and Thomas P. Krichbaum and Cheng-Yu Kuo and Noemi La Bella and Deokhyeong Lee and Sang-Sung Lee and Aviad Levis and Shaoling Li and Zhiyuan Li and Rocco Lico and Greg Lindahl and Michael Lindqvist and Mikhail Lisakov and Jun Liu and Kuo Liu and Elisabetta Liuzzo and Wen-Ping Lo and Andrei P. Lobanov and Laurent Loinard and Colin J. Lonsdale and Amy E. Lowitz and Ru-Sen Lu and Nicholas R. MacDonald and Jirong Mao and Nicola Marchili and Sera Markoff and Daniel P. Marrone and Alan P. Marscher and Iván Martí-Vidal and Satoki Matsushita and Lynn D. Matthews and Lia Medeiros and Karl M. Menten and Izumi Mizuno and Yosuke Mizuno and Joshua Montgomery and James M. Moran and Monika Moscibrodzka and Wanga Mulaudzi and Cornelia Müller and Alejandro Mus and Gibwa Musoke and Ioannis Myserlis and Hiroshi Nagai and Neil M. Nagar and Masanori Nakamura and Gopal Narayanan and Antonios Nathanail and Santiago Navarro Fuentes and Joey Neilsen and Chunchong Ni and Michael A. Nowak and Junghwan Oh and Hiroki Okino and Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez and Tomoaki Oyama and Feryal Özel and Daniel C. M. Palumbo and Georgios Filippos Paraschos and Harriet Parsons and Nimesh Patel and Ue-Li Pen and Dominic W. Pesce and Vincent Piétu and Alexander Plavin and Aleksandar PopStefanija and Oliver Porth and Ben Prather and Giacomo Principe and Dimitrios Psaltis and Hung-Yi Pu and Alexandra Rahlin and Venkatessh Ramakrishnan and Ramprasad Rao and Mark G. Rawlings and Angelo Ricarte and Luca Ricci and Bart Ripperda and Jan Röder and Freek Roelofs and Cristina Romero-Cañizales and Eduardo Ros and Arash Roshanineshat and Helge Rottmann and Alan L. Roy and Ignacio Ruiz and Chet Ruszczyk and Kazi L. J. Rygl and León D. S. Salas and Salvador Sánchez and David Sánchez-Argüelles and Miguel Sánchez-Portal and Mahito Sasada and Kaushik Satapathy and Saurabh and Tuomas Savolainen and F. Peter Schloerb and Jonathan Schonfeld and Karl-Friedrich Schuster and Lijing Shao and Zhiqiang Shen and Sasikumar Silpa and Des Small and Randall Smith and Bong Won Sohn and Jason SooHoo and Kamal Souccar and Joshua S. Stanway and He Sun and Fumie Tazaki and Alexandra J. Tetarenko and Remo P. J. Tilanus and Michael Titus and Kenji Toma and Pablo Torne and Teresa Toscano and Efthalia Traianou and Tyler Trent and Sascha Trippe and Matthew Turk and Ilse van Bemmel and Huib Jan van Langevelde and Daniel R. van Rossum and Jesse Vos and Jan Wagner and Derek Ward-Thompson and John Wardle and Jasmin E. Washington and Jonathan Weintroub and Robert Wharton and Kaj Wiik and Gunther Witzel and Michael F. Wondrak and George N. Wong and Jompoj Wongphexhauxsorn and Qingwen Wu and Nitika Yadlapalli and Paul Yamaguchi and Aristomenis Yfantis and Doosoo Yoon and André Young and Ziri Younsi and Wei Yu and Feng Yuan and Ye-Fei Yuan and Ai-Ling Zeng and J. Anton Zensus and Shuo Zhang and Guang-Yao Zhao and Shan-Shan Zhao},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.13356},
year = {2026}
}
备注
15 pages, 8 figures, Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics