通过巨型爱因斯坦十字揭示的一个世纪以来小红点变率与黑洞包层
星系天体物理
2025-12-08 v1
摘要
“小红点”（LRD）代表 JWST 发现的一类新天文天体，其本质仍有争议。尽管许多 LRD 被怀疑为活动星系核（AGN），但它们在数天至数年的时间尺度上几乎不显示变率。我们报告了在星系团 RXCJ2211-0350 背后红移 4.3 处发现的两个引力透镜化的 LRD，其中一个（RX1）被四次成像，时间延迟跨越 130 年。RX1 在其各像之间表现出高达 0.7 星等的内禀颜色和亮度变化。这些变化与光球的黑体温度变化一致，表明了类似于造父变星脉动的长期变率，但存在于一个远更延展（ AU）且大质量（）的系统中。这些结果表明 LRD 是一类具有类恒星包层的独特 AGN。
引用
@article{arxiv.2512.05180,
title = {Little red dot variability over a century reveals black hole envelope via a giant Einstein cross},
author = {Zijian Zhang and Mingyu Li and Masamune Oguri and Xiaojing Lin and Kohei Inayoshi and Catherine Cerny and Dan Coe and Jose M. Diego and Seiji Fujimoto and Linhua Jiang and Guillaume Mahler and Jorryt Matthee and Rohan P. Naidu and Keren Sharon and Yue Shen and Adi Zitrin and Abdurro'uf and Hollis Akins and Joseph F. V. Allingham and Ricardo Amorín and Yoshihisa Asada and Hakim Atek and Franz E. Bauer and Maruša Bradač and Larry D. Bradley and Zheng Cai and Sebastiano Cantalupo and Christopher Conselice and Liang Dai and Pratika Dayal and Eiichi Egami and Daniel J. Eisenstein and Andreas L. Faisst and Xiaohui Fan and Qinyue Fei and Brenda L. Frye and Yoshinobu Fudamoto and Lukas J. Furtak and Miriam Golubchik and Mauro González-Otero and Yuichi Harikane and Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao and Yolanda Jiménez-Teja and Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe and Tomokazu Kiyota and Anton M. Koekemoer and Kotaro Kohno and Vasily Kokorev and Nimisha Kumari and Ivo Labbe and Claudia D. P. Lagos and Conor Larison and Yongming Liang and Ray A. Lucas and Jianwei Lyu and Nicholas S. Martis and Georgios E. Magdis and Matteo Messa and Minami Nakane and Gaël Noirot and Rafael Ortiz and Masami Ouchi and Justin D. R. Pierel and Marc Postman and Naveen Reddy and Massimo Ricotti and Daniel Schaerer and Raffaella Schneider and Charles C. Steidel and Wei Leong Tee and Roberta Tripodi and James A. A. Trussler and Hiroya Umeda and Francesco Valentino and Eros Vanzella and Feige Wang and Rogier Windhorst and Yunjing Wu and Zihao Wu and Hiroto Yanagisawa and Jinyi Yang and Fengwu Sun},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.05180},
year = {2025}
}
备注
59 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, submitted to a peer-reviewed journal; comments are welcome