IceCube-Gen2：通向极端宇宙的窗口
高能天体物理现象
2021-05-06 v1
摘要
从射电到射线波长的电磁辐射观测已提供了关于宇宙的丰富信息。然而，在PeV（10 eV）能量及以上，宇宙大部分对光子不可穿透。需要新的信使，即宇宙 neutrinos（中微子），来探索宇宙最极端环境，其中黑洞、中子星与恒星爆炸将引力能转化为非热宇宙线。IceCube对宇宙 neutrinos 的发现开启了这一宇宙新窗口。在本白皮书，我们概述下一代仪器IceCube-Gen2，它将锐化我们对最高能宇宙过程与环境的理解。IceCube-Gen2设计用于：1）解析从TeV到EeV能量的高能中微子天图；2）通过多信使观测研究宇宙粒子加速；3）揭示宇宙最高能粒子的源与传播；4）用高能中微子探测基础物理。IceCube-Gen2相较IceCube将年观测宇宙 neutrinos 率提高十倍，并能探测比其前身暗五倍的源。此外，通过增设射电阵列，IceCube-Gen2将能量范围相较IceCube扩展数个量级。建造将耗时8年，耗资约$350M。目标是2033年前IceCube-Gen2全面运行。IceCube-Gen2将在塑造多信使天文学新时代中扮演关键角色，根本推进我们对高能宇宙的认知。这一挑战性使命唯有与未来数年可用的跨电磁波谱新巡天仪器及引力波探测器协同才能充分应对。
引用
@article{arxiv.2008.04323,
title = {IceCube-Gen2: The Window to the Extreme Universe},
author = {Gen2 Collaboration and M. G. Aartsen and R. Abbasi and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and J. A. Aguilar and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and C. Alispach and P. Allison and N. M. Amin and K. Andeen and T. Anderson and I. Ansseau and G. Anton and C. Argüelles and T. C. Arlen and J. Auffenberg and S. Axani and H. Bagherpour and X. Bai and A. Balagopal V. and A. Barbano and I. Bartos and B. Bastian and V. Basu and V. Baum and S. Baur and R. Bay and J. J. Beatty and K. -H. Becker and J. Becker Tjus and S. BenZvi and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and D. Z. Besson and G. Binder and D. Bindig and E. Blaufuss and S. Blot and C. Bohm and M. Bohmer and S. Böser and O. Botner and J. Böttcher and E. Bourbeau and J. Bourbeau and F. Bradascio and J. Braun and S. Bron and J. Brostean-Kaiser and A. Burgman and R. T. Burley and J. Buscher and R. S. Busse and M. Bustamante and M. A. Campana and E. G. Carnie-Bronca and T. Carver and C. Chen and P. Chen and E. Cheung and D. Chirkin and S. Choi and B. A. 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journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.04323},
year = {2021}
}
备注
56 pages, 29 figures