探索 HERA Phase I 数据中的一级统计量：前景和系统误差对测量一级统计量的影响
宇宙学与河外天体物理
2025-11-05 v1
摘要
测量红移 21 厘米强度图的一级统计量，可探索早期宇宙的非高斯特征。我们通过对观测数据和仿真数据进行前向建模来评估仪器效应对 HERA 测量结果的影响。利用 HERA Phase I 观测的 94 个夜晚数据，我们检查了图像的第二时刻（m2，方差）和第三时刻（m3）的量。我们采用 DAYENU 滤波方法进行前景去除，并将仿真前景残余降低到 21 厘米信号残余的 10%。在无噪声 cosmological 仿真中，仪器响应显著降低了一级统计量测量的�幅值，进一步通过楔形滤波降低。针对使用楔形滤波后的观测数据以及预期噪声仿真，结果显示系统误差会改变图像像素的概率分布。基于观测数据的时间序列分析表明，m2 测量不利于由低效 X 射线加热特征的冷型再电离模型，这与其他功率谱测量结果一致。仪器响应和楔形滤波对 m3 中微小信号的影响使得使用这些非高斯统计量来探索模型参数变得具有挑战性。使用完整 HERA 阵列的预测表明，在无前景情况下，m2、m3 和 S3 预计具有高信噪比，但楔形滤波显著降低了这些比值。这一工作明确证明，鉴于其对底层模型的依赖，深入理解仪器对 m2 和 m3 的影响是将其用作宇宙探针的关键。
引用
@article{arxiv.2511.02190,
title = {Exploring One-point Statistics in HERA Phase I Data: Effects of Foregrounds and Systematics on Measuring One-Point Statistics},
author = {Honggeun Kim and Jacqueline N. Hewitt and Nicholas S. Kern and Joshua S. Dillon and Kai-Feng Chen and Zhilei Xu and Eleanor Rath and Vincent MacKay and Tyrone Adams and James E. Aguirre and Rushelle Baartman and Adam P. Beardsley and Gianni Bernardi and Tashalee S. Billings and Judd D. Bowman and Richard F. Bradley and Philip Bull and Jacob Burba and Steven Carey and Chris L. Carilli and David R. DeBoer and Eloy de Lera Acedo and Matt Dexter and Nico Eksteen and John Ely and Aaron Ewall-Wice and Nicolas Fagnoni and Steven R. Furlanetto and Kingsley Gale-Sides and Brian Glendenning and Deepthi Gorthi and Bradley Greig and Jasper Grobbelaar and Ziyaad Halday and Bryna J. Hazelton and Jack Hickish and Daniel C. Jacobs and Joshua Kerrigan and Piyanat Kittiwisit and Matthew Kolopanis and Adam Lanman and Paul La Plante and Adrian Liu and David H. E. MacMahon and Lourence Malan and Cresshim Malgas and Keith Malgas and Bradley Marero and Zachary E. Martinot and Andrei Mesinger and Mathakane Molewa and Miguel F. Morales and Tshegofalang Mosiane and Steven G. Murray and Hans Nuwegeld and Aaron R. Parsons and Nima Razavi-Ghods and James Robnett and Peter Sims and Craig Smith and Hilton Swarts and Nithyanandan Thyagarajan and Pieter van Wyngaarden and Haoxuan Zheng},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.02190},
year = {2025}
}
备注
29 pages, 18 figures