VLTI/GRAVITY对HD 206893 B下外星卫星的搜寻
地球与行星天体物理
2026-02-04 v1 太阳与恒星天体物理
摘要
直接探测外星卫星的测距信号仍未被实现。本研究首次将高精度测距应用于搜寻以恒星伴星为目标的外星卫星。我们探讨HD 206893 B的轨道运动是否存在与外星卫星或双星行星重力影响相符的测距残差。利用VLTI/GRAVITY仪器，我们在短期（天数至数月）和长期（年）尺度上监测了HD 206893 B和c的测距位置。这使我们能够隔离HD 206893 B轨道上可归因于轨道卫星产生的残差抖动。我们的分析揭示了HD 206893 B轨道上存在tentative测距残差。如果将这些残差解释为外星卫星信号，这些残差对应一个候选卫星（HD 206893 B I），其轨道周期约为0.76年，质量约为0.4豆瓣质量。然而，残差的来源仍存歧义，可能是由于系统误差导致。补充测距之外，我们对GRAVITY 光谱的HD 206893 B分析确认了水的明确检测，但未发现CO。我们还发现AF Lep b和 Pic b是最佳的短期外星卫星候选目标，可使用GRAVITY+进行观测。我们的观测表明，高精度测距在外星卫星的搜寻中具有变革性潜力，证明了该技术可检测质量低于豆瓣的卫星，甚至在理想情况下可检测质量低于海王星的卫星。至关重要的是，必须进行进一步的高精度测距观测，以验证该信号的真实性与本质，并尝试在各种行星系统中应用这一技术。
引用
@article{arxiv.2511.20091,
title = {Exomoon search with VLTI/GRAVITY around the substellar companion HD 206893 B},
author = {Q. Kral and J. Wang and J. Kammerer and S. Lacour and M. Malin and T. Winterhalder and B. Charnay and C. Perrot and P. Huet and R. Abuter and A. Amorim and W. O. Balmer and M. Benisty and J. -P. Berger and H. Beust and S. Blunt and A. Boccaletti and M. Bonnefoy and H. Bonnet and M. S. Bordoni and G. Bourdarot and W. Brandner and F. Cantalloube and P. Caselli and G. Chauvin and A. Chavez and A. Chomez and E. Choquet and V. Christiaens and Y. Clénet and V. Coudé du Foresto and A. Cridland and R. Davies and R. Dembet and J. Dexter and A. Drescher and G. Duvert and A. Eckart and F. Eisenhauer and N. M. Förster Schreiber and P. Garcia and R. Garcia Lopez and T. Gardner and E. Gendron and R. Genzel and S. Gillessen and J. H. Girard and S. Grant and X. Haubois and Th. Henning and S. Hinkley and S. Hippler and M. Houllé and Z. Hubert and L. Jocou and M. Keppler and P. Kervella and L. Kreidberg and N. T. Kurtovic and A. -M. Lagrange and V. Lapeyrère and J. -B. Le Bouquin and D. Lutz and A. -L. Maire and F. Mang and G. -D. Marleau and A. Mérand and P. Mollière and J. D. Monnier and C. Mordasini and D. Mouillet and E. Nasedkin and M. Nowak and T. Ott and G. P. P. L. Otten and C. Paladini and T. Paumard and K. Perraut and G. Perrin and O. Pfuhl and N. Pourré and L. Pueyo and D. C. Ribeiro and E. Rickman and Z. Rustamkulov and J. Shangguan and T. Shimizu and D. Sing and J. Stadler and T. Stolker and O. Straub and C. Straubmeier and E. Sturm and L. J. Tacconi and A. Vigan and F. Vincent and S. D. von Fellenberg and F. Widmann and J. Woillez and S. Yazici and the GRAVITY Collaboration and K. Abd El Dayem and N. Aimar and A. Berdeu and C. Correia and D. Defrère and M. Fabricius and H. Feuchtgruber and A. Foschi and S. F. Hönig and S. Joharle and R. Laugier and O. Lai and J. Leftley and B. Lopez and F. Millour and M. Montargès and N. Morujão and H. Nowacki and J. Osorno and R. Petrov and P. O. Petrucci and S. Rabien and S. Robbe-Dubois and M. Sadun Bordoni and J. Sánchez Bermúdez and D. Santos and J. Sauter and J. Scigliuto and F. Soulez and M. Subroweit and C. Sykes and the GRAVITY+ Collaboration},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.20091},
year = {2026}
}
备注
accepted for publication in A&A