利用 IceCube 发现来自北天体的天体物理缪子中微子的证据
高能天体物理现象
2016-08-08 v1
摘要
IceCube 中微子天文台的结果最近利用以南半球为主的样本集，提供了高能天体物理中微子通量存在的令人信服的证据，该样本集主要由 nu_e 和 nu_tau 带电流和中性流（级联）中微子相互作用组成。在此给出的分析中，从 2010 年 5 月至 2012 年 5 月记录的 659.5 天活时间的数据中，提取了来自北天体的大约 35,000 个缪子中微子的数据样本。虽然该样本主要由宇宙射线在地球大气中的相互作用产生的中微子组成，但最高能事件与纯粹陆地起源的假设不一致，显著性为 3.7 sigma。然而，这些中微子可以用每种中微子味的天体物理通量来解释，其水平为 Phi(E_nu) = 9.9^{+3.9}_{-3.4} times 10^{-19} GeV^{-1} cm^{-2} sr^{-1} s^{-1} ({E_nu / 100 TeV})^{-2}，这与 IceCube 以南半球为主的结果一致。此外，还对具有任意谱指数的天体物理通量进行了拟合。我们发现的谱指数为 2.2^{+0.2}_{-0.2}，这也与南半球的结果非常吻合。
引用
@article{arxiv.1507.04005,
title = {Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube},
author = {IceCube Collaboration and M. G. Aartsen and K. Abraham and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and J. A. Aguilar and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and D. Altmann and T. Anderson and M. Archinger and C. Arguelles and T. C. Arlen and J. Auffenberg and X. Bai and S. W. Barwick and V. Baum and R. Bay and J. J. Beatty and J. Becker Tjus and K. -H. Becker and E. Beiser and S. BenZvi and P. Berghaus and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and A. Bernhard and D. Z. Besson and G. Binder and D. Bindig and M. Bissok and E. Blaufuss and J. Blumenthal and D. J. Boersma and C. Bohm and M. Börner and F. Bos and D. Bose and S. Böser and O. Botner and J. Braun and L. Brayeur and H. -P. Bretz and A. M. Brown and N. Buzinsky and J. Casey and M. Casier and E. Cheung and D. Chirkin and A. Christov and B. Christy and K. Clark and L. Classen and S. Coenders and D. F. Cowen and A. H. Cruz Silva and J. Daughhetee and J. C. Davis and M. Day and J. P. A. M. de André and C. De Clercq and H. Dembinski and S. De Ridder and P. Desiati and K. D. de Vries and G. de Wasseige and M. de With and T. DeYoung and J. C. Díaz-Vélez and J. P. Dumm and M. Dunkman and R. Eagan and B. Eberhardt and T. Ehrhardt and B. Eichmann and S. Euler and P. A. Evenson and O. Fadiran and S. Fahey and A. R. Fazely and A. Fedynitch and J. Feintzeig and J. Felde and K. Filimonov and C. Finley and T. Fischer-Wasels and S. Flis and T. Fuchs and T. K. Gaisser and R. Gaior and J. Gallagher and L. Gerhardt and K. Ghorbani and D. Gier and L. Gladstone and M. Glagla and T. Glüsenkamp and A. Goldschmidt and G. Golup and J. G. Gonzalez and J. A. Goodman and D. Góra and D. Grant and P. Gretskov and J. C. Groh and A. Groß and C. Ha and C. Haack and A. Haj Ismail and A. Hallgren and F. Halzen and B. Hansmann and K. Hanson and D. Hebecker and D. Heereman and K. Helbing and R. Hellauer and D. Hellwig and S. Hickford and J. Hignight and G. C. Hill and K. D. Hoffman and R. Hoffmann and K. Holzapfel and A. Homeier and K. Hoshina and F. Huang and M. Huber and W. Huelsnitz and P. O. Hulth and K. Hultqvist and S. In and A. Ishihara and E. Jacobi and G. S. Japaridze and K. Jero and M. Jurkovic and B. Kaminsky and A. Kappes and T. Karg and A. Karle and M. Kauer and A. Keivani and J. L. Kelley and J. Kemp and A. Kheirandish and J. Kiryluk and J. Kläs and S. R. Klein and G. Kohnen and H. Kolanoski and R. Konietz and A. Koob and L. Köpke and C. Kopper and S. Kopper and D. J. Koskinen and M. Kowalski and K. Krings and G. Kroll and M. Kroll and J. Kunnen and N. Kurahashi and T. Kuwabara and M. Labare and J. L. Lanfranchi and M. J. Larson and M. Lesiak-Bzdak and M. Leuermann and J. Leuner and J. Lünemann and J. Madsen and G. Maggi and K. B. M. Mahn and R. Maruyama and K. Mase and H. S. Matis and R. Maunu and F. McNally and K. Meagher and M. Medici and A. Meli and T. Menne and G. Merino and T. Meures and S. Miarecki and E. Middell and E. Middlemas and J. Miller and L. Mohrmann and T. Montaruli and R. Morse and R. Nahnhauer and U. Naumann and H. Niederhausen and S. C. Nowicki and D. R. Nygren and A. Obertacke and A. Olivas and A. Omairat and A. O'Murchadha and T. Palczewski and L. Paul and J. A. Pepper and C. Pérez de los Heros and C. Pfendner and D. Pieloth and E. Pinat and J. Posselt and P. B. Price and G. T. Przybylski and J. Pütz and M. Quinnan and L. Rädel and M. Rameez and K. Rawlins and P. Redl and R. Reimann and M. Relich and E. Resconi and W. Rhode and M. Richman and S. Richter and B. Riedel and S. Robertson and M. Rongen and C. Rott and T. Ruhe and B. Ruzybayev and D. Ryckbosch and S. M. Saba and L. Sabbatini and H. -G. Sander and A. Sandrock and J. Sandroos and S. Sarkar and K. Schatto and F. Scheriau and M. Schimp and T. Schmidt and M. Schmitz and S. Schoenen and S. Schöneberg and A. Schönwald and A. Schukraft and L. Schulte and D. Seckel and S. Seunarine and R. Shanidze and M. W. E. Smith and D. Soldin and G. M. Spiczak and C. Spiering and M. Stahlberg and M. Stamatikos and T. Stanev and N. A. Stanisha and A. Stasik and T. Stezelberger and R. G. Stokstad and A. Stößl and E. A. Strahler and R. Ström and N. L. Strotjohann and G. W. Sullivan and M. Sutherland and H. Taavola and I. Taboada and S. Ter-Antonyan and A. Terliuk and G. Tešić and S. Tilav and P. A. Toale and M. N. Tobin and D. Tosi and M. Tselengidou and E. Unger and M. Usner and S. Vallecorsa and J. Vandenbroucke and N. van Eijndhoven and S. Vanheule and J. van Santen and J. Veenkamp and M. Vehring and M. Voge and M. Vraeghe and C. Walck and M. Wallraff and N. Wandkowsky and C. Weaver and C. Wendt and S. Westerhoff and B. J. Whelan and N. Whitehorn and C. Wichary and K. Wiebe and C. H. Wiebusch and L. Wille and D. R. Williams and H. Wissing and M. Wolf and T. R. Wood and K. Woschnagg and D. L. Xu and X. W. Xu and Y. Xu and J. P. Yanez and G. Yodh and S. Yoshida and P. Zarzhitsky and M. Zoll},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1507.04005},
year = {2016}
}
备注
4 figures, 2, tables, includes supplementary material