在介子原子中观测到的高物质密度下手征对称性恢复
核实验
2023-10-02 v2 高能物理 - 唯象学
核理论
摘要
现代物理学理论表明真空并非空无一物。真空之中隐藏着一个由反夸克 与夸克 构成的结构。由于量子色动力学(QCD)的强相互作用过强而无法使真空保持空旷, 与 对具有与真空相同的量子数并在其中凝聚。该 凝聚破坏了真空的手征对称性。期望值 是一个序参量。在更高温度或更高物质密度下, 减小,反映出对称性的恢复。与这些明确的理论论述形成对比的是,迄今为止实验证据十分有限。首先, 无非就是真空本身,既不可见也不可感知。在本文中,我们通过高精度测量介子原子(即 介子-原子核束缚系统)来揭示这一不可见的存在。以 作为探针,我们证明在原子核内,相较于真空,在常规核密度的 58% 处 减小了 77 2%。这一减小表明,由于原子核的极高密度,手征对称性得到了部分恢复。本实验结果清晰地展示了真空中隐藏结构即手征凝聚体的存在。
引用
@article{arxiv.2204.05568,
title = {Chiral symmetry restoration at high matter density observed in pionic atoms},
author = {Takahiro Nishi and Kenta Itahashi and DeukSoon Ahn and Georg P. A. Berg and Masanori Dozono and Daijiro Etoh and Hiroyuki Fujioka and Naoki Fukuda and Nobuhisa Fukunishi and Hans Geissel and Emma Haettner and Tadashi Hashimoto and Ryugo S. Hayano and Satoru Hirenzaki and Hiroshi Horii and Natsumi Ikeno and Naoto Inabe and Masahiko Iwasaki and Daisuke Kameda and Keichi Kisamori and Yu Kiyokawa and Toshiyuki Kubo and Kensuke Kusaka and Masafumi Matsushita and Shin'ichiro Michimasa and Go Mishima and Hiroyuki Miya and Daichi Murai and Hideko Nagahiro and Megumi Niikura and Naoko Nose-Togawa and Shinsuke Ota and Naruhiko Sakamoto and Kimiko Sekiguchi and Yuta Shiokawa and Hiroshi Suzuki and Ken Suzuki and Motonobu Takaki and Hiroyuki Takeda and Yoshiki K. Tanaka and Tomohiro Uesaka and Yasumori Wada and Atomu Watanabe and Yuni N. Watanabe and Helmut Weick and Hiroki Yamakami and Yoshiyuki Yanagisawa and Koichi Yoshida},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.05568},
year = {2023}
}