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Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) have been developed since the late 1990s employing silicon substrate with a thin epitaxial layer in which deposited charge is collected by disordered diffusion rather than by drift in an electric…

Segmented silicon detectors (micropixel and microstrip) are the main type of detectors used in the inner trackers of Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments at CERN. Due to the high luminosity and eventual high fluence, detectors with fast…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-10-05 Timo Peltola , Vladimir Eremin , Elena Verbitskaya , Jaakko Härkönen

Results obtained with 3D columnar pixel sensors bump-bonded to the RD53A prototype readout chip are reported. The interconnected modules have been tested in a hadron beam before and after irradiation to a fluence of about…

The low-field carrier mobilities in <100> silicon were quantified as a function of the 1$\,$MeV neutron-equivalent fluence up to $10^{18}\,$cm$^{-2}$ and for temperatures between 230$\,$K and 260$\,$K. Current measurements were fitted using…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-19 I. Bloch , B. Bruers , C. -T. Klein , H. Lacker , P. Li , M. Ullan , Y. Unno , I. Mandić , C. Scharf

We present the results of the characterization of silicon pixel modules employing n-in-p planar sensors with an active thickness of 150 $\mathrm{\mu}$m, produced at MPP/HLL, and 100-200 $\mathrm{\mu}$m thin active edge sensor devices,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-18 S. Terzo , L. Andricek , A. Macchiolo , H. G. Moser , R. Nisius , R. H. Richter , P. Weigell

We present an approach to construct position-sensitive silicon detectors with an integrated cooling circuit. Tests on samples demonstrate that a very modest liquid flow very effectively cool the devices up to a power dissipation of over…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-08-03 L. Andricek , M. Boronat , J. Fuster , I. Garcia , P. Gomis , C. Marinas , J. Ninkovic , M. Perello Rosello , M. A. Villarejo , M. Vos

In this paper a detailed simulation of irradiated pixel sensors was used to investigate the effects of radiation damage on the position determination and optimize the hit reconstruction algorithms. The simulation implements a model of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-11-11 E. Alagoz , V. Chiochia , M. Swartz

Space-based ultra-high-energy cosmic ray detectors observe fluorescence light from extensive air showers produced by these particles in the troposphere. Clouds can scatter and absorb this light and produce systematic errors in energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Sokolsky , J. Krizmanic

We are investigating the use of low temperature wafer-wafer bonding in the fabrication of next-generation particle pixel detectors. This bonding technique could enable the integration of fully processed CMOS readout wafers with high-Z…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-06-17 J. Wüthrich , K. Deplazes , A. Rubbia

This paper reports on the characterisation with Transient Current Technique measurements of the charge collection and depletion depth of a radiation-hard high-voltage CMOS pixel sensor produced at ams AG. Several substrate resistivities…

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a wide band gap semiconductor and an attractive candidate for applications in harsh environments such as space, fusion, or future high luminosity colliders. Due to the large band gap, the leakage currents in SiC…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-04 Andreas Gsponer , Philipp Gaggl , Jürgen Maier , Richard Thalmeier , Simon Emanuel Waid , Thomas Bergauer

3D silicon pixel detectors have been investigated as radiation-hard candidates for the innermost layers of the HL-LHC upgrade of the ATLAS pixel detector. 3D detectors are already in use today in the ATLAS IBL and AFP experiments. These are…

The CMS tracker consists of two tracking systems utilizing semiconductor technology: the inner pixel and the outer strip detectors. The tracker detectors occupy the volume around the beam interaction region between 3 cm and 110 cm in radius…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-01-10 Viktor Veszpremi

A study of 3D pixel sensors of cell size 50 {\mu}m x 50 {\mu}m fabricated at IMB-CNM using double-sided n-on-p 3D technology is presented. Sensors were bump-bonded to the ROC4SENS readout chip. For the first time in such a small-pitch…

Using the multi-channel Transient Current Technique the currents induced by electron-hole pairs, produced by a focussed sub-nanosecond laser of 660 nm wavelength close to the Si-SiO2 interface of p+n silicon strip sensors have been…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-15 Thomas Poehlsen , Julian Becker , Eckhart Fretwurst , Robert Klanner , Jörn Schwandt , Jiaguo Zhang

The Pixel Luminosity Telescope is a silicon pixel detector dedicated to luminosity measurement at the CMS experiment at the LHC. It is located approximately 1.75 m from the interaction point and arranged into 16 "telescopes", with eight…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-08-02 Paul Lujan

In this paper the results of a beam test characterization campaign of 3D trench silicon pixel sensors are presented. A time resolution in the order of 10 ps was measured both for non-irradiated and irradiated sensors up to a fluence of $2.5…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-02-08 A. Lampis , F. Borgato , D. Brundu , A. Cardini , G. M. Cossu , G. -F. Dalla Betta , M. Garau , L. La Delfa , A. Lai , A. Loi , M. Obertino , G. Simi , S. Vecchi

Solar cells with a heterojunction between colloidal CuInS$_2$ and ZnO nanocrystals are an innovative concept in solution-processed photovoltaics, but the conversion efficiency cannot compete yet with devices employing lead chalcogenide…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-05-10 Dorothea Scheunemann , Sebastian Wilken , Jürgen Parisi , Holger Borchert

An array of DEPFET pixels is one of several concepts to implement an active pixel sensor. Similar to PNCCD and SDD detectors, the typically 0.45 mm thick silicon sensor is fully depleted by the principle of sideward depletion. They have…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Norbert Meidinger , Johannes Müller-Seidlitz

The unique electrical and material properties of 4H-silicon-carbide (4H-SiC) make it a promising candidate material for high rate particle detectors. In contrast to the ubiquitously used silicon (Si), 4H-SiC offers a higher carrier…

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