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We give a new proof of the fact that the parallel repetition of the (3-player) GHZ game reduces the value of the game to zero polynomially quickly. That is, we show that the value of the $n$-fold GHZ game is at most $n^{-\Omega(1)}$. This…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Uma Girish , Justin Holmgren , Kunal Mittal , Ran Raz , Wei Zhan

A basic problem in information theory is the following: Let $\mathbf{P} = (\mathbf{X}, \mathbf{Y})$ be an arbitrary distribution where the marginals $\mathbf{X}$ and $\mathbf{Y}$ are (potentially) correlated. Let Alice and Bob be two…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Anindya De , Elchanan Mossel , Joe Neeman

We provide an interesting two-party parity oblivious communication game whose success probability is solely determined by the Bell expression. The parity-oblivious condition in an operational quantum theory implies the preparation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 A. K. Pan

Team captains Alice and Bob divide up $2m$ footballers, each reduced to a real-valued score, into two teams of $m$ footballers each. On each turn, one captain plays picker, and the other chooser: the picker names a footballer yet to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Bhargav Narayanan

We consider a class of two-prover interactive proof systems where each prover returns a single bit to the verifier and the verifier's verdict is a function of the XOR of the two bits received. We show that, when the provers are allowed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-11 Richard Cleve , William Slofstra , Falk Unger , Sarvagya Upadhyay

In 2010, Bre\v{s}ar, Klav\v{z}ar and Rall introduced the optimization variant of the graph domination game and the game domination number, which was proved PSPACE-hard by Bre\v{s}ar et al. in 2016. In 2024, Leo Versteegen obtained the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-13 João Marcos Brito , Thiago Marcilon , Nicolas Martins , Rudini Sampaio

We give operational meaning to wave-particle duality in terms of discrimination games. Duality arises as a constraint on the probability of winning these games. The games are played with the aid of an n-port interferometer, and involve 3…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Emilio Bagan , John Calsamiglia , Janos A. Bergou , Mark Hillery

Mertens [In Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians (Berkeley, Calif., 1986) (1987) 1528-1577 Amer. Math. Soc.] proposed two general conjectures about repeated games: the first one is that, in any two-person zero-sum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-16 Bruno Ziliotto

In "Recognizing the Maximum of a Sequence", Gilbert and Mosteller analyze a full information game where n measurements from an uniform distribution are drawn and a player (knowing n) must decide at each draw whether or not to choose that…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-30 Marcos Costa Santos Carreira

The graph grabbing game is played on a non-negatively weighted connected graph by Alice and Bob who alternately claim a non-cut vertex from the remaining graph, where Alice plays first, to maximize the weights on their respective claimed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-24 Sopon Boriboon , Teeradej Kittipassorn

In repeated interactions between individuals, we do not expect that exactly the same situation will occur from one time to another. Contrary to what is common in models of repeated games in the literature, most real situations may differ a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Anders Eriksson , Kristian Lindgren

We study the one-way two-party communication complexity of Maximum Matching in the semi-robust setting where the edges of a maximum matching are randomly partitioned between Alice and Bob, but all remaining edges of the input graph are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Gabriel Cipriani Huete , Adithya Diddapur , Pavel Dvořák , Christian Konrad

This paper considers a game-theoretic formulation of the covert communications problem with finite blocklength, where the transmitter (Alice) can randomly vary her transmit power in different blocks, while the warden (Willie) can randomly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Alex S. Leong , Daniel E. Quevedo , Subhrakanti Dey

We study two-player general sum repeated finite games where the rewards of each player are generated from an unknown distribution. Our aim is to find the egalitarian bargaining solution (EBS) for the repeated game, which can lead to much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Aristide Tossou , Christos Dimitrakakis , Jaroslaw Rzepecki , Katja Hofmann

We investigate certain word-construction games with variable turn orders. In these games, Alice and Bob take turns on choosing consecutive letters of a word of fixed length, with Alice winning if the result lies in a predetermined target…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Pierre Marcus , Ilkka Törmä

Individual probabilities refer to the probabilities of outcomes that are realized only once: the probability that it will rain tomorrow, the probability that Alice will die within the next 12 months, the probability that Bob will be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Aaron Roth , Alexander Tolbert , Scott Weinstein

The domatic number of a graph is the maximum number of pairwise disjoint dominating sets admitted by the graph. We introduce a game based around this graph invariant. The domatic number game is played on a graph $G$ by two players, Alice…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Bert L. Hartnell , Douglas F. Rall

In 1982, Harary introduced the concept of Ramsey achievement game on graphs. Given a graph $F$ with no isolated vertices. Consider the following game played on the complete graph $K_n$ by two players Alice and Bob. First, Alice colors one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-09 Xiumin Wang , Zhong Huang , Xiangqian Zhou , Ralf Klasing , Yaping Mao

A game is played by a team of two --- say Alice and Bob --- in which the value of a random variable $x$ is revealed to Alice only, who cannot freely communicate with Bob. Instead, she is given a quantum $n$-level system, respectively a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-16 Péter E. Frenkel , Mihály Weiner

In this paper we study interactive "one-shot" analogues of the classical Slepian-Wolf theorem. Alice receives a value of a random variable $X$, Bob receives a value of another random variable $Y$ that is jointly distributed with $X$.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-09-09 Alexander Kozachinskiy