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Scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscopy is a magnetic imaging technique combining high-field sensitivity with nanometer-scale spatial resolution. State-of-the-art SQUID-on-tip probes are now playing an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-03 M. Wyss , K. Bagani , D. Jetter , E. Marchiori , A. Vervelaki , B. Gross , J. Ridderbos , S. Gliga , C. Schönenberger , M. Poggio

At a single atom thick, it is challenging to distinguish graphene from its substrate using conventional techniques. In this paper we show that friction force microscopy (FFM) is a simple and quick technique for identifying graphene on a…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-12 Alexander J. Marsden , Mick Phillips , Neil R. Wilson

Accurate measurements of the nanoscale electromechanical coupling in materials, including piezo and ferroelectrics, twisted 2D layers, and biological systems is of both fundamental scientific and applied importance. Piezoresponse Force…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Roger Proksch , Ryan Wagner , Joel Lefever

We present the design and experimental results of a near-field scanning microwave microscope (NSMM) working at a frequency of 1GHz. Our microscope is unique in that the sensing probe is separated from the excitation electrode to…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 K. Lai , M. B. Ji , N. Leindecker , M. A. Kelly , Z. X. Shen

Reducing the dimensions of ferroelectric materials down to the nanoscale has strong implications on the ferroelectric polarization pattern and on the ability to switch the polarization. As the size of ferroelectric domains shrinks to…

Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) can image nanoscale objects buried below the surface. Here, we theoretically show that this capability can be used to obtain nanotomographic information, i.e., the physical dimensions and dielectric…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-02-04 Rene Fabregas , Gabriel Gomila

Pseudo-heterodyne scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (sSNOM) is applied in the mid-infrared region to detect the chemical composition of biomolecules on the nanoscale. However, the application of sSNOM in molecular…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-08-06 Yusuke Sakiyama , Emanuel Pfitzner , Santiago H. Andany , Georg E. Fantner , Joachim Heberle

Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) allows detection of stray magnetic fields around magnetic materials and the two-dimensional visualization of these fields. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the oscillations of an MFM tip above a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Fujio Wakaya , Kenta Oosawa , Masahiro Kajiwara , Satoshi Abo , Mikio Takai

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) images of regularly arranged spatially periodic objects can be processed crystallographically. The resulting information may be used to remove from the SPM image distortions that are due to a less than…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-16 Peter Moeck

The technique of spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy is investigated for its use in determining fine details of surface magnetic structure down to the atomic scale. As a model sample, the row-wise anti-ferromagnetic Mn3N2(010)…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Rong Yang , Haiqiang Yang , Arthur R. Smith , Alexey Dick , Jorg Neugebauer

While offering unprecedented resolution of atomic and electronic structure, Scanning Probe Microscopy techniques have found greater challenges in providing reliable electrostatic characterization at the same scale. In this work, we…

The functional properties of ferroelectric materials are strongly influenced by ferroelectric polarization orientation; as such, access to consistent and precise characterization of polarization vectors is of substantial importance to…

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a century-old technique, is today a ubiquitous method of imaging the surface of nanostructures. However, most SEM detectors simply count the number of secondary electrons from a material of interest, and…

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allows to probe matter at atomic scale by measuring the perturbation of a nanomechanical oscillator induced by near-field interaction forces. The quest to improve sensitivity and resolution of AFM has forced…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-25 Alessandro Siria , Antoine Niguès

Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) was used to investigate the ferroelectric properties of sol-gel derived LiNbO$_3$ nanoparticles. To determine the degree of ferroelectricity we took large-area images and performed statistical…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-19 F. Johann , T. Jungk , S. Lisinski , Á. Hoffmann , L. Ratke , E. Soergel

Detection of dynamic surface displacements associated with local changes in material strain provides access to a number of phenomena and material properties. Contact resonance-enhanced methods of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) have been…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-10-12 Nina Balke , Stephen Jesse , Pu Yu , Ben Carmichael , Sergei V. Kalinin , Alexander Tselev

We developed the models and algorithms to describe two main artefacts of AFM: (i) broadening effect and (ii) decreased heights of profiles for individual objects adsorbed on a hard substrate. It was shown how to measure elastic properties…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-03-19 Marat Olegovich Gallyamov

Understanding the nanoscale carrier dynamics induced by light excitation is the key to unlocking futuristic devices and innovative functionalities in advanced materials. Optical pump-probe scanning tunneling microscopy (OPP-STM) has opened…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-28 Katsuya Iwaya , Hiroyuki Mogi , Shoji Yoshida , Yusuke Arashida , Osamu Takeuchi , Hidemi Shigekawa

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) phase approach-curves have significant potential for nanoscale material characterization, however, the availability of robust datasets and automated analysis tools has been limited. In this paper, we introduce…

Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is a technique to enhance the spatial resolution, and when combined by Fourier transform spectroscopy it can provide spectroscopic information with high spatial resolution. This…

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