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We prove that any planar graph on $n$ vertices has less than $O(5{.}2852^n)$ spanning trees. Under the restriction that the planar graph is 3-connected and contains no triangle and no quadrilateral the number of its spanning trees is less…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-07 Kevin Buchin , André Schulz

The problem of enumerating spanning trees on graphs and lattices is considered. We obtain bounds on the number of spanning trees $N_{ST}$ and establish inequalities relating the numbers of spanning trees of different graphs or lattices. A…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-11-26 R. Shrock , F. Y. Wu

Let $G$ be a connected graph and $L(G)$ the set of all integers $k$ such that $G$ contains a spanning tree with exactly $k$ leaves. We show that for a connected graph $G$, the set $L(G)$ is contiguous. It follows from work of Chen, Ren, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Kenta Noguchi , Carol T. Zamfirescu

Let $k\ge 2$ be an integer and $T_1,\ldots, T_k$ be spanning trees of a graph $G$. If for any pair of vertices $(u,v)$ of $V(G)$, the paths from $u$ to $v$ in each $T_i$, $1\le i\le k$, do not contain common edges and common vertices,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Benoit Darties , Nicolas Gastineau , Olivier Togni

The number of spanning trees in a graph $G$ is the total number of distinct spanning subgraphs of $G$ that are trees. In this paper we characterize the unique graph with a prescribed vertex (resp. edge) connectivity, minimum degree and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Shaohan Xu , Kexiang Xu , Ivan Damnjanović

The classical matrix-tree theorem relates the determinant of the combinatorial Laplacian on a graph to the number of spanning trees. We generalize this result to Laplacians on one- and two-dimensional vector bundles, giving a combinatorial…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-12-09 Richard Kenyon

We prove that if every subgraph of a graph $G$ has a balanced separation of order at most $a$ then $G$ has treewidth at most $15a$. This establishes a linear dependence between the treewidth and the separation number.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-21 Zdenek Dvorak , Sergey Norin

A branch vertex in a tree is a vertex of degree at least three. We prove that, for all $s\geq 1$, every connected graph on $n$ vertices with minimum degree at least $(\frac{1}{s+3}+o(1))n$ contains a spanning tree having at most $s$ branch…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Louis DeBiasio , Allan Lo

The problems of maximizing the spectral radius and the number of spanning trees in a class of bipartite graphs with certain degree constraints are considered. In both the problems, the optimal graph is conjectured to be a Ferrers graph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-28 Ravindra Bapat

The complexity of a finite connected graph is its number of spanning trees; for a non-connected graph it is the product of complexities of its connected components. If $G$ is an infinite graph with cofinite free ${\mathbb Z}^d$-symmetry,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Daniel S. Silver , Susan G. Williams

We consider the number of spanning trees in circulant graphs of $\beta n$ vertices with generators depending linearly on $n$. The matrix tree theorem gives a closed formula of $\beta n$ factors, while we derive a formula of $\beta-1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-28 Justine Louis

We prove that a polynomial fraction of the set of $k$-component forests in the $m \times n$ grid graph have equal numbers of vertices in each component, for any constant $k$. This resolves a conjecture of Charikar, Liu, Liu, and Vuong, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Sarah Cannon , Wesley Pegden , Jamie Tucker-Foltz

A rooted tree is balanced if the degree of a vertex depends only on its distance to the root. In this paper we determine the sharp threshold for the appearance of a large family of balanced spanning trees in the random geometric graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Alberto Espuny Díaz , Lyuben Lichev , Dieter Mitsche , Alexandra Wesolek

In this paper we construct spanning trees in hyperbolic graphs that represent their hyperbolic compactification in a good way: so that the tree has a bounded number of distinct rays to each boundary point. The bound depends only on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-31 Matthias Hamann

Kirchhoff showed that the number of spanning trees of a graph is the spectral determinant of the combinatorial Laplacian divided by the number of vertices; we reframe this result in the quantum graph setting. We prove that the spectral…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-29 Jonathan Harrison , Tracy Weyand

Chung and Graham [J. London Math. Soc., 1983] claimed that there exists an $n$-vertex graph $G$ containing all $n$-vertex trees as subgraphs that has at most $\frac{5}{2}n \log_2 n + O(n)$ edges. We identify an error in their proof. This…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Jaehoon Kim , Minseo Kim

We generalize the notions of flippable and simultaneously flippable edges in a triangulation of a set S of points in the plane to so-called \emph{pseudo-simultaneously flippable edges}. Such edges are related to the notion of convex…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Michael Hoffmann , Micha Sharir , Adam Sheffer , Csaba D. Tóth , Emo Welzl

We investigate the tractability of a simple fusion of two fundamental structures on graphs, a spanning tree and a perfect matching. Specifically, we consider the following problem: given an edge-weighted graph, find a minimum-weight…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Kristóf Bérczi , Tamás Király , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yutaro Yamaguchi , Yu Yokoi

We classify connected spanning convex subgraphs of the square cycles. We then show that every spanning tree of $C_n^2$ is contained in a unique nontrivial connected spanning convex subgraph of $C_n^2$. As a result, we obtain a purely…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-21 Akihiro Munemasa , Yuuho Tanaka

(DRAFT VERSION) In this article we present a proof of the famous Kirchoff's Matrix-Tree theorem, which relates the number of spanning trees in a connected graph with the cofactors (and eigenvalues) of its combinatorial Laplacian matrix.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-08-02 Saad Quader