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Attribution maps are one of the most established tools to explain the functioning of computer vision models. They assign importance scores to input features, indicating how relevant each feature is for the prediction of a deep neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Robin Hesse , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

Feature attribution has been a foundational building block for explaining the input feature importance in supervised learning with Deep Neural Network (DNNs), but face new challenges when applied to deep Reinforcement Learning (RL).We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Xuan Chen , Zifan Wang , Yucai Fan , Bonan Jin , Piotr Mardziel , Carlee Joe-Wong , Anupam Datta

We present a general framework for evolutionary learning to emergent unbiased state representation without any supervision. Evolutionary frameworks such as self-play converge to bad local optima in case of multi-agent reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-03 Shohei Ohsawa

Interpreting complex neural networks is crucial for understanding their decision-making processes, particularly in applications where transparency and accountability are essential. This proposed method addresses this need by focusing on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Deepshikha Bhati , Fnu Neha , Md Amiruzzaman , Angela Guercio , Deepak Kumar Shukla , Ben Ward

Good quality explanations strengthen the understanding of language models and data. Feature attribution methods, such as Integrated Gradient, are a type of post-hoc explainer that can provide token-level insights. However, explanations on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jonathan Kamp , Roos Bakker , Dominique Blok

This paper introduces a novel framework for modeling interacting humans in a multi-stage game. This "iterated semi network-form game" framework has the following desirable characteristics: (1) Bounded rational players, (2) strategic players…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-07-05 Ritchie Lee , David H. Wolpert , James Bono , Scott Backhaus , Russell Bent , Brendan Tracey

Feature attribution methods, which explain an individual prediction made by a model as a sum of attributions for each input feature, are an essential tool for understanding the behavior of complex deep learning models. However, ensuring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Ethan Weinberger , Joseph Janizek , Su-In Lee

This paper studies the robustness of feature attribution methods for deep neural networks. It challenges the current notion of attributional robustness that largely ignores the difference in the model's outputs and introduces a new way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Panagiota Kiourti , Anu Singh , Preeti Duraipandian , Weichao Zhou , Wenchao Li

We study the attribution problem [28] for deep networks applied to perception tasks. For vision tasks, attribution techniques attribute the prediction of a network to the pixels of the input image. We propose a new technique called…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Shawn Xu , Subhashini Venugopalan , Mukund Sundararajan

Feature attribution explains neural network outputs by identifying relevant input features. The attribution has to be faithful, meaning that the attributed features must mirror the input features that influence the output. One recent trend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Yang Zhang , Yawei Li , Hannah Brown , Mina Rezaei , Bernd Bischl , Philip Torr , Ashkan Khakzar , Kenji Kawaguchi

Originally inspired by game-theory, path attribution framework stands out among the post-hoc model interpretation tools due to its axiomatic nature. However, recent developments show that this framework can still suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Naveed Akhtar , Muhammad A. A. K. Jalwana

Attribution methods have been developed to explain the decision of a machine learning model on a given input. We use the Integrated Gradient method for finding attributions to define the causal neighborhood of an input by incrementally…

Deep learning has revolutionized many areas of machine learning, from computer vision to natural language processing, but these high-performance models are generally "black box." Explaining such models would improve transparency and trust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Daniel Lundstrom , Meisam Razaviyayn

Attribution map visualization has arisen as one of the most effective techniques to understand the underlying inference process of Convolutional Neural Networks. In this task, the goal is to compute an score for each image pixel related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Adria Ruiz , Antonio Agudo , Francesc Moreno

Humans can flexibly generalize knowledge across domains by leveraging structured relational representations. While prior research has shown how such representations support analogical reasoning, less is known about how they are recruited to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Guillermo Puebla , Leonidas A. A. Doumas

While neural networks have acted as a strong unifying force in the design of modern AI systems, the neural network architectures themselves remain highly heterogeneous due to the variety of tasks to be solved. In this chapter, we explore…

Backpropagation is driving today's artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, despite extensive research, it remains unclear if the brain implements this algorithm. Among neuroscientists, reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are often…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-24 Benjamin James Lansdell , Prashanth Ravi Prakash , Konrad Paul Kording

Deep neural networks are often considered opaque systems, prompting the need for explainability methods to improve trust and accountability. Existing approaches typically attribute test-time predictions either to input features (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Aziz Bacha , Thomas George

Fitting generative models to sequential data typically involves two recursive computations through time, one forward and one backward. The latter could be a computation of the loss gradient (as in backpropagation through time), or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Azwar Abdulsalam , Joseph G. Makin

Image attribution analysis seeks to highlight the feature representations learned by visual models such that the highlighted feature maps can reflect the pixel-wise importance of inputs. Gradient integration is a building block in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Róisín Luo , James McDermott , Colm O'Riordan