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Recent works have brought attention to the vulnerability of Federated Learning (FL) systems to gradient leakage attacks. Such attacks exploit clients' uploaded gradients to reconstruct their sensitive data, thereby compromising the privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mingyuan Fan , Cen Chen , Chengyu Wang , Xiaodan Li , Wenmeng Zhou

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning framework that enables multiple nodes to train models on their local data and periodically average weight updates to benefit from other nodes' training. Each node's goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ethan Wilson , Kai Yue , Chau-Wai Wong , Huaiyu Dai

Federated Learning (FL) is designed to prevent data leakage through collaborative model training without centralized data storage. However, it remains vulnerable to gradient reconstruction attacks that recover original training data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Yuxiao Chen , Gamze Gürsoy , Qi Lei

Swarm intelligence is being increasingly deployed in autonomous systems, such as drones and unmanned vehicles. Federated reinforcement learning (FRL), a key swarm intelligence paradigm where agents interact with their own environments and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Zishen Wan , Aqeel Anwar , Abdulrahman Mahmoud , Tianyu Jia , Yu-Shun Hsiao , Vijay Janapa Reddi , Arijit Raychowdhury

Federated reinforcement learning (FRL) methods usually share the encrypted local state or policy information and help each client to learn from others while preserving everyone's privacy. In this work, we propose that sharing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Zengxia Guo , Bohui An , Zhongqi Lu

Graph federated learning is of essential importance for training over large graph datasets while protecting data privacy, where each client stores a subset of local graph data, while the server collects the local gradients and broadcasts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Divya Anand Sinha , Ruijie Du , Yezi Liu , Athina Markopolou , Yanning Shen

Federated Learning (FL) allows for the training of Machine Learning models in a collaborative manner without the need to share sensitive data. However, it remains vulnerable to Gradient Leakage Attacks (GLAs), which can reveal private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Miguel Fernandez-de-Retana , Unai Zulaika , Rubén Sánchez-Corcuera , Aitor Almeida

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that enhances users privacy by eliminating the need for clients to share raw, private data with the server. Despite the success, recent studies expose the vulnerability of FL to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jing Wu , Munawar Hayat , Mingyi Zhou , Mehrtash Harandi

Safe reinforcement learning (Safe RL) aims to ensure policy performance while satisfying safety constraints. However, most existing Safe RL methods assume benign environments, making them vulnerable to adversarial perturbations commonly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Jialiang Fan , Shixiong Jiang , Mengyu Liu , Fanxin Kong

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) or Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) are two key steps in the post-training of modern Language Models (LMs). A common problem is reward hacking, where the policy may exploit inaccuracies of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Johannes Ackermann , Michael Noukhovitch , Takashi Ishida , Masashi Sugiyama

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are currently considered one of the main privacy attack strategies, and their defense mechanisms have also been extensively explored. However, there is still a gap between the existing defense approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xingli Fang , Jung-Eun Kim

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without sharing raw data but is vulnerable to gradient inversion attacks (GIAs), where adversaries reconstruct private data from shared gradients. Existing defenses either incur…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chenxiang Luo , David K. Y. Yau , Qun Song

Federated learning (FL) for time series forecasting (TSF) enables clients with privacy-sensitive time series (TS) data to collaboratively learn accurate forecasting models, for example, in energy load prediction. Unfortunately, privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Caspar Meijer , Jiyue Huang , Shreshtha Sharma , Elena Lazovik , Lydia Y. Chen

The increasing need for sharing healthcare data and collaborating on clinical research has raised privacy concerns. Health information leakage due to malicious attacks can lead to serious problems such as misdiagnoses and patient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Shiyi Jiang , Farshad Firouzi , Krishnendu Chakrabarty

Federated Reinforcement Learning (FRL) offers a promising solution to various practical challenges in resource allocation for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. However, the data discrepancy among individual agents can significantly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-06 Kaidi Xu , Shenglong Zhou , Geoffrey Ye Li

Federated Reinforcement Learning (FRL) allows multiple agents to collaboratively build a decision making policy without sharing raw trajectories. However, if a small fraction of these agents are adversarial, it can lead to catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Swetha Ganesh , Jiayu Chen , Gugan Thoppe , Vaneet Aggarwal

Unlike traditional central training, federated learning (FL) improves the performance of the global model by sharing and aggregating local models rather than local data to protect the users' privacy. Although this training approach appears…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Jiahui Geng , Yongli Mou , Feifei Li , Qing Li , Oya Beyan , Stefan Decker , Chunming Rong

Federated learning has emerged as a promising privacy-preserving solution for machine learning domains that rely on user interactions, particularly recommender systems and online learning to rank. While there has been substantial research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Dzung Pham , Shreyas Kulkarni , Amir Houmansadr

Collaborative machine learning settings like federated learning can be susceptible to adversarial interference and attacks. One class of such attacks is termed model inversion attacks, characterised by the adversary reverse-engineering the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Dmitrii Usynin , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging solution to the data scarcity problem for training deep learning models in hardware assurance. While FL is designed to enhance privacy by not sharing raw data, it remains vulnerable to Membership…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Gijung Lee , Wavid Bowman , Olivia P. Dizon-Paradis , Reiner N. Dizon-Paradis , Ronald Wilson , Damon L. Woodard , Domenic Forte