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Recently, neural networks have proven to be effective in performing speech coding task at low bitrates. However, under-utilization of intra-frame correlations and the error of quantizer specifically degrade the reconstructed audio quality.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-05 Linping Xu , Jiawei Jiang , Dejun Zhang , Xianjun Xia , Li Chen , Yijian Xiao , Piao Ding , Shenyi Song , Sixing Yin , Ferdous Sohel

We propose Hierarchical Audio Codec (HAC), a unified neural speech codec that factorizes its bottleneck into three linguistic levels-acoustic, phonetic, and lexical-within a single model. HAC leverages two knowledge distillation objectives:…

We present a Split Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoder (SVQ-VAE) architecture using a split vector quantizer for NTTS, as an enhancement to the well-known Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoder…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Marek Strong , Jonas Rohnke , Antonio Bonafonte , Mateusz Łajszczak , Trevor Wood

Speech enhancement concerns the processes required to remove unwanted background sounds from the target speech to improve its quality and intelligibility. In this paper, a novel approach for single-channel speech enhancement is presented,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-27 Sania Gul , Muhammad Salman Khan , Muhammad Fazeel

Voice conversion is to generate a new speech with the source content and a target voice style. In this paper, we focus on one general setting, i.e., non-parallel many-to-many voice conversion, which is close to the real-world scenario. As…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Jian Ma , Zhedong Zheng , Hao Fei , Feng Zheng , Tat-seng Chua , Yi Yang

While neural vocoders have made significant progress in high-fidelity speech synthesis, their application on polyphonic music has remained underexplored. In this work, we propose DisCoder, a neural vocoder that leverages a generative…

Our previous work, the unified source-filter GAN (uSFGAN) vocoder, introduced a novel architecture based on the source-filter theory into the parallel waveform generative adversarial network to achieve high voice quality and pitch…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Reo Yoneyama , Yi-Chiao Wu , Tomoki Toda

Inspired by the success of deep neural networks (DNNs) in speech processing, this paper presents Deep Vocoder, a direct end-to-end low bit rate speech compression method with deep autoencoder (DAE). In Deep Vocoder, DAE is used for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Gang Min , Changqing Zhang , Xiongwei Zhang , Wei Tan

Discrete speech tokenization is a fundamental component in speech codecs. However, in large-scale speech-to-speech systems, the complexity of parallel streams from multiple quantizers and the computational cost of high-time-dimensional…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Rongkun Xue , Yazhe Niu , Shuai Hu , Zixin Yin , Yongqiang Yao , Jing Yang

While mel-spectrograms have been widely utilized as intermediate representations in zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS), their inherent redundancy leads to inefficiency in learning text-speech alignment. Compact VAE-based latent representations…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Zhikang Niu , Shujie Hu , Jeongsoo Choi , Yushen Chen , Peining Chen , Pengcheng Zhu , Yunting Yang , Bowen Zhang , Jian Zhao , Chunhui Wang , Xie Chen

Speech coding facilitates the transmission of speech over low-bandwidth networks with minimal distortion. Neural-network based speech codecs have recently demonstrated significant improvements in quality over traditional approaches. While…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Ali Siahkoohi , Michael Chinen , Tom Denton , W. Bastiaan Kleijn , Jan Skoglund

We propose SpectroStream, a full-band multi-channel neural audio codec. Successor to the well-established SoundStream, SpectroStream extends its capability beyond 24 kHz monophonic audio and enables high-quality reconstruction of 48 kHz…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yunpeng Li , Kehang Han , Brian McWilliams , Zalan Borsos , Marco Tagliasacchi

Real-time speech synthesis requires balancing inference latency and acoustic fidelity for interactive applications. Conventional continuous text-to-speech pipelines require computationally intensive neural vocoders to reconstruct phase…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Tianhui Su , Tien-Ping Tan , Salima Mdhaffar , Yannick Estève , Aghilas Sini

The multi-codebook speech codec enables the application of large language models (LLM) in TTS but bottlenecks efficiency and robustness due to multi-sequence prediction. To avoid this obstacle, we propose Single-Codec, a single-codebook…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Hanzhao Li , Liumeng Xue , Haohan Guo , Xinfa Zhu , Yuanjun Lv , Lei Xie , Yunlin Chen , Hao Yin , Zhifei Li

In this paper, we explore vector quantization for acoustic unit discovery. Leveraging unlabelled data, we aim to learn discrete representations of speech that separate phonetic content from speaker-specific details. We propose two neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-20 Benjamin van Niekerk , Leanne Nortje , Herman Kamper

This paper presents a speaking-rate-controllable HiFi-GAN neural vocoder. Original HiFi-GAN is a high-fidelity, computationally efficient, and tiny-footprint neural vocoder. We attempt to incorporate a speaking rate control function into…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Detai Xin , Shinnosuke Takamichi , Takuma Okamoto , Hisashi Kawai , Hiroshi Saruwatari

Vector quantization-based image semantic communication systems have successfully boosted transmission efficiency, but face challenges with conflicting requirements between codebook design and digital constellation modulation. Traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yingbin Zhou , Yaping Sun , Guanying Chen , Xiaodong Xu , Hao Chen , Binhong Huang , Shuguang Cui , Ping Zhang

GAN vocoders are currently one of the state-of-the-art methods for building high-quality neural waveform generative models. However, most of their architectures require dozens of billion floating-point operations per second (GFLOPS) to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Ahmed Mustafa , Jean-Marc Valin , Jan Büthe , Paris Smaragdis , Mike Goodwin

Classical parametric speech coding techniques provide a compact representation for speech signals. This affords a very low transmission rate but with a reduced perceptual quality of the reconstructed signals. Recently, autoregressive deep…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-02 Ahmed Mustafa , Arijit Biswas , Christian Bergler , Julia Schottenhamml , Andreas Maier

Quantum machine learning has emerged as a promising tool for pattern recognition, yet many audio-focused approaches still treat spectrograms as generic images and do not explicitly exploit their time-frequency structure. We propose Q-Patch,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Lisan Al Amin , Rakib Hossain , Mahbubul Islam , Faisal Quader , Thanh Thi Nguyen