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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) aided Inertial Navigation System (INS) is a fundamental approach for attaining continuously available absolute vehicle position and full state estimates at high bandwidth. For transportation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Wang Hu , Yingjie Hu , Mike Stas , Jay A. Farrell

This paper develops, implements, and validates a powerful single-antenna carrier-phase-based test to detect Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) spoofing attacks on ground vehicles equipped with a low-cost inertial measurement unit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-02 Zachary Clements , James E. Yoder , Todd E. Humphreys

GPS spoofing poses a growing threat to aviation by falsifying satellite signals and misleading aircraft navigation systems. This paper demonstrates a proof-of-concept spoofing detection strategy based on analyzing satellite Carrier-to-Noise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Vienna Li , Justin Villa , Dan Diessner , Jayson Clifford , Laxima Niure Kandel

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is increasingly vulnerable to radio frequency interference (RFI), including jamming and spoofing, which threaten the integrity of navigation and timing services. This paper presents a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Argyris Kriezis , Yu-Hsuan Chen , Dennis Akos , Sherman Lo , Todd Walter

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are critical for Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) applications. However, GNSS are highly vulnerable to spoofing attacks, where adversaries transmit counterfeit signals to mislead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Abyad Enan , Mashrur Chowdhury , Sagar Dasgupta , Mizanur Rahman

In this paper, we provide expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) for suboptimal and optimal opportunistic scheduling schemes in a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided {single antenna} system with multiple…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Burhan Wafai , Sarbani Ghose , Chinmoy Kundu , Ankit Dubey , Mark F. Flanagan

In a spoofing attack, a malicious actor impersonates a legitimate user to access or manipulate data without authorization. The vulnerability of cryptographic security mechanisms to compromised user credentials motivates spoofing attack…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Tien Ngoc Ha , Daniel Romero

Intentional interference, and in particular GNSS spoofing, is currently one of the most significant concerns of the Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) community. With the adoption of Open Service Navigation Message Authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Gonzalo Seco-Granados , David Gomez-Casco , Jose A. Lopez-Salcedo , Ignacio Fernandez-Hernandez

For reliable operation on urban roads, navigation using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) requires both accurately estimating the positioning detail from GNSS pseudorange measurements and determining when the estimated position…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Shubh Gupta , Grace X. Gao

We propose an extension to the so-called PD detector. The PD detector jointly monitors received power and correlation profile distortion to detect the presence of GNSS carry-off-type spoofing, jamming, or multipath. We show that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-21 Jason N. Gross , Cagri Kilic , Todd E. Humphreys

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are widely used for navigation and time distribution, features indispensable for critical infrastructure such as mobile communication networks, as well as emerging technologies like automated…

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly employed to perform high-risk tasks that require minimal human intervention. However, UAVs face escalating cybersecurity threats, particularly from GNSS spoofing attacks. While previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Zhaoxuan Wang , Yang Li , Jie Zhang , Xingshuo Han , Kangbo Liu , Lyu Yang , yuan Zhou , Tianwei Zhang , Quan Pan

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) information to over 4 billion devices worldwide. Despite its pervasive use in safety critical and high precision applications, GNSS remains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Arslan Mumtaz , Mridula Singh

In this study, a sensor fusion based GNSS spoofing attack detection framework is presented that consists of three concurrent strategies for an autonomous vehicle (AV): (i) prediction of location shift, (ii) detection of turns (left or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Sagar Dasgupta , Mizanur Rahman , Mhafuzul Islam , Mashrur Chowdhury

Effective indoor positioning is critical for public safety, enabling first responders to locate at-risk individuals accurately during emergency scenarios. However, traditional Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) often perform poorly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-18 Gaurav Duggal , Harish K. Dureppagari , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Jeffrey H. Reed , R. Michael Buehrer

Many vehicle platforms typically use sensors such as LiDAR or camera for locally-referenced navigation with GPS for globally-referenced navigation. However, due to the unencrypted nature of GPS signals, all civilian users are vulner-able to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-11 Adam Dai , Tara Minda , Ashwin Kanhere , Grace Gao

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers provide ubiquitous and precise position, navigation, and time (PNT) to a wide gamut of civilian and tactical infrastructures and devices. Due to the low GNSS received signal power, even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Marco Spanghero , Filip Geib , Ronny Panier , Panos Papadimitratos

For reliable operation, next generation autonomous agents will need enhanced situational perception as well as precise navigation capabilities. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals that are utilized by practically all…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-30 Nicolas Souli , Panayiotis Kolios , Georgios Ellinas

Civilian-GNSS is vulnerable to signal spoofing attacks, and countermeasures based on cryptographic authentication are being proposed to protect against these attacks. Both Galileo and GPS are currently testing broadcast authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Maryam Motallebighomi , Harshad Sathaye , Mridula Singh , Aanjhan Ranganathan

Sensors such as phasor measurement units (PMUs) endowed with GPS receivers are ubiquitously installed providing real-time grid visibility. A number of PMUs can cooperatively enable state estimation routines. However, GPS spoofing attacks…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Paresh Risbud , Nikolaos Gatsis , Ahmad Taha