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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly prevalent across diverse applications. However, their enormous size limits storage and processing capabilities to a few well-resourced stakeholders. As a result, most applications rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Mohammadsajad Alipour , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

Large language models (LLM) have achieved remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. However, their substantial parameter sizes pose significant challenges for deployment on edge devices with limited computational and memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yu-Chen Lu , Sheng-Feng Yu , Hui-Hsien Weng , Pei-Shuo Wang , Yu-Fang Hu , Liang Hung-Chun , Hung-Yueh Chiang , Kai-Chiang Wu

Many efforts have been made to facilitate natural language processing tasks with pre-trained language models (LMs), and brought significant improvements to various applications. To fully leverage the nearly unlimited corpora and capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Liyuan Liu , Xiang Ren , Jingbo Shang , Jian Peng , Jiawei Han

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a key post-pretraining step for aligning large language models (LLMs) with complex tasks and human preferences. While it is often assumed that RL fine-tuning requires updating most of a model's parameters, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Andrii Balashov

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across diverse natural language processing benchmarks. However, the escalating scale of model parameters imposes prohibitive memory overheads during training,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ziqing Wen , Ping Luo , Jiahuan Wang , Kun Yuan , Dongsheng Li , Tao Sun

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit excellent performance in various tasks. However, the memory requirements of LLMs present a great challenge when deploying on memory-limited devices, even for quantized LLMs. This paper introduces a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Weilan Wang , Yu Mao , Dongdong Tang , Hongchao Du , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

Sentence-level classification and sequential labeling are two fundamental tasks in language understanding. While these two tasks are usually modeled separately, in reality, they are often correlated, for example in intent classification and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Mingbo Ma , Kai Zhao , Liang Huang , Bing Xiang , Bowen Zhou

Small Language models (SLMs) offer an efficient and accessible alternative to Large Language Models (LLMs), delivering strong performance while using far fewer resources. We introduce a simple and effective framework for pretraining SLMs…

Highly performing deep neural networks come at the cost of computational complexity that limits their practicality for deployment on portable devices. We propose the low-rank transformer (LRT), a memory-efficient and fast neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Zhaojiang Lin , Zihan Liu , Pascale Fung

Large Language Models (LLMs), with billions of parameters, present significant challenges for full finetuning due to the high computational demands, memory requirements, and impracticality of many real-world applications. When faced with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jonathan Svirsky , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Prompt tuning (PT) offers a cost-effective alternative to fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), requiring only a few parameters in soft prompt tokens added before the input text. However, existing PT approaches face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Pengxiang Lan , Haoyu Xu , Enneng Yang , Yuliang Liang , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

As global demand for multilingual large language models (LLMs) grows, most LLMs still remain overly focused on English, leading to the limited access to advanced AI for non-English speakers. Current methods to enhance multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Weixiang Zhao , Yulin Hu , Jiahe Guo , Xingyu Sui , Tongtong Wu , Yang Deng , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu

Sparse attention mechanisms aim to reduce computational overhead with minimal accuracy loss by selectively processing salient tokens. Despite their effectiveness, most methods merely exploit a model's inherent sparsity and thus plateau at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Feng Chen , Yefei He , Lequan Lin , Chenhui Gou , Jing Liu , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pretrained on massive datasets and later instruction-tuned via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). Best practices emphasize large, diverse pretraining data, whereas post-training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Adel Javanmard , Baharan Mirzasoleiman , Vahab Mirrokni

Multilingual Pre-trained Language models (multiPLMs), trained on the Masked Language Modelling (MLM) objective are commonly being used for cross-lingual tasks such as bitext mining. However, the performance of these models is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Aloka Fernando , Surangika Ranathunga

This paper introduces a simple and scalable approach to improve the data efficiency of large language model (LLM) training by augmenting existing text data with thinking trajectories. The compute for pre-training LLMs has been growing at an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Shaohan Huang , Li Dong , Furu Wei

Pre-trained Transformer language models (LM) have become go-to text representation encoders. Prior research fine-tunes deep LMs to encode text sequences such as sentences and passages into single dense vector representations for efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Luyu Gao , Jamie Callan

Despite the efficacy of network sparsity in alleviating the deployment strain of Large Language Models (LLMs), it endures significant performance degradation. Applying Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to fine-tune the sparse LLMs offers an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Weizhong Huang , Yuxin Zhang , Xiawu Zheng , Yang Liu , Jing Lin , Yiwu Yao , Rongrong Ji

Auto-regressive speech-text models pre-trained on interleaved text tokens and discretized speech tokens demonstrate strong speech understanding and generation, yet remain substantially less compute-efficient than text LLMs, partly due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Yen-Ju Lu , Yashesh Gaur , Wei Zhou , Benjamin Muller , Jesus Villalba , Najim Dehak , Luke Zettlemoyer , Gargi Ghosh , Mike Lewis , Srinivasan Iyer , Duc Le