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Skeletal bone age assessment is a common clinical practice to diagnose endocrine and metabolic disorders in child development. In this paper, we describe a fully automated deep learning approach to the problem of bone age assessment using…
A major goal in paleoclimate science is to reconstruct historical climates using proxies for climate variables such as those observed in sediment cores, and in the process learn about climate dynamics. This is hampered by uncertainties in…
Many physical systems can be mapped onto solved or "solvable" models of magnetism. In this work, we have mapped the statistical mechanics of columnar phases of ideally helical rigid DNA -- subject to the earlier found unusual, frustrated…
Spin crossover (SCO) materials are reversible molecular switches found in a wide range of transition metal complexes and metal organic frameworks (MOFs). They exhibit diverse spin state orderings and transitions between them. We present an…
Purpose: The localisation and segmentation of individual bones is an important preprocessing step in many planning and navigation applications. It is, however, a time-consuming and repetitive task if done manually. This is true not only for…
Divergence time estimation requires the reconciliation of two major sources of data. These are fossil and/or biogeographic evidence that give estimates of the absolute age of nodes (ancestors) and molecular estimates that give us estimates…
The use of elemental analysis based on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with Neural Networks (NN) is being evaluated as a method for assigning archaeological bone remains to individuals. The bone samples examined…
We introduce near triple arrays as binary row-column designs with at most two consecutive values for the replication numbers of symbols, for the intersection sizes of pairs of rows, pairs of columns and pairs of a row and a column. Near…
We report single-cluster Monte Carlo simulations of the Ising model on three-dimensional Poissonian random lattices with up to 128,000 approx. 503 sites which are linked together according to the Voronoi/Delaunay prescription. For each…
The problem of counting tilings of a plane region using specified tiles can often be recast as the problem of counting (perfect) matchings of some subgraph of an Aztec diamond graph A_n, or more generally calculating the sum of the weights…
Determining the chronology of ancient handwritten manuscripts is essential for reconstructing the evolution of ideas. For the Dead Sea Scrolls, this is particularly important. However, there is an almost complete lack of date-bearing…
The earliest extant Chinese characters originate from oracle bone inscriptions, which are closely related to other East Asian languages. These inscriptions hold immense value for anthropology and archaeology. However, deciphering oracle…
The Dead Sea Scrolls are tangible evidence of the Bible's ancient scribal culture. Palaeography - the study of ancient handwriting - can provide access to this scribal culture. However, one of the problems of traditional palaeography is to…
We calculate very long low- and high-temperature series for the susceptibility $\chi$ of the square lattice Ising model as well as very long series for the five-particle contribution $\chi^{(5)}$ and six-particle contribution $\chi^{(6)}$.…
The Fibonacci numbers are familiar to all of us. They appear unexpectedly often in mathematics, so much there is an entire journal and a sequence of conferences dedicated to their study. However, there is also another sequence of numbers…
While logic puzzles have engaged individuals through problem-solving and critical thinking, the creation of new puzzle rules has largely relied on ad-hoc processes. Pencil puzzles, such as Slitherlink and Sudoku, represent a prominent…
An involutive Stone algebra (IS-algebra) is a structure that is simultaneously a De Morgan algebra and a Stone algebra (i.e. a pseudo-complemented distributive lattice satisfying the well-known Stone identity ~xv~~x=1). IS-algebras have…
The tumuli of Newgrange and Knowth in Ireland are among the most monumental heritages of the Neolithic era. The megalithic constructions date back to around 3'200 BC, centuries before the completion of Stonehenge and the Egyptian pyramids.…
The context of this paper is the creation of large uniform archaeological datasets from heterogeneous published resources, such as find catalogues - with the help of AI and Big Data. The paper is concerned with the challenge of consistent…
The present work is devoted to Computability Logic (CoL), the young and volcanic research-project developed by Giorgi Japaridze. Our main goal is to provide the reader with a clear panoramic view of this vast new land, starting from its…