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Rare-earth ions (REI) have emerged as an attractive candidate for solid-state qubits, particularly as a quantum memory. Their 4f-4f transitions are shielded by filled 5s and 5p orbitals, offering a degree of protection from external…
The inclusion of material identification in wireless communication system is an emerging area that offers many opportunities for 6G systems. By using reflected radio wave to determine the material of reflecting surface, not only the…
The nature of the interface in lateral heterostructures of 2D monolayer semiconductors including its composition, size, and heterogeneity critically impacts the functionalities it engenders on the 2D system for next-generation…
Convergent beam electron diffraction is routinely applied for studying deformation and local strain in thick crystals by matching the crystal structure to the observed intensity distributions. Recently, it has been demonstrated that CBED…
Deformable colloids and macromolecules adsorb at interfaces, as they decrease the interfacial energy between the two media. The deformability, or softness, of these particles plays a pivotal role in the properties of the interface. In this…
Biological tissues are composed of discrete compartments of biochemical media that often exhibit subtle differences in refractive index. Light propagating through these compartments partially diffracts in a forward direction with a pi/2…
Ultrasound imaging of the cortex of long bones may enable the measurement of the cortical thickness and the ultrasound wave speed in cortical bone tissue. However, with bone loss, the cortical porosity and the size of the pores increase,…
External optical feedback via Rayleigh scattering from an integrated microresonator or an optical fiber has been demonstrated to significantly narrow the intrinsic linewidth of semiconductor lasers. Wavelength matching between the lasing…
Beyond-diffraction-limit optical absorption spectroscopy provides profound information on the graded band structures of composition-spread and stacked two-dimensional materials, in which direct/indirect bandgap, interlayer coupling,…
A fundamental capability for any transmissive optical component is anti-reflection, yet this capability is challenging to achieve in a cost-efficient manner over longer infrared wavelengths. We demonstrate that Mie resonant nanophotonic…
We used first-principles calculations to investigate the laterally stitched monolayered MoSi2N4/XSi2N4 (X=W, Ti) 2D heterostructures. The structural stability of such heterostructures is confirmed by the phonon spectra exhibiting no…
Negative refraction is known to occur in materials that simultaneously possess a negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability; hence they are termed negative index materials. However, there are no known natural materials that…
We analyze the transparency of a thin film of low refractive index (an optical glue or a bonding layer) placed between higher-index media and forming an opto-pair. Examples include a semiconductor light-emitting diode with attached lens or…
Several models of oxygenated and hydrogenated surfaces of Si quantum wells and Si nanocrystals of variable shapes have been constructed in order to assess curvature effects on energy gaps due to the three Si-suboxides. Si-suboxides in…
The resource constraints and accuracy requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) memory chips need three-dimensional (3D) monolithic integrated circuits, of which the increasing stack layers (currently more than 176) also cause excessive…
Interfacial mixing of elements is a well-known phenomenon found in thin film deposition. For thin-film magnetic heterostructures, interfacial compositional inhomogeneities can have drastic effects on the resulting functionalities. As such,…
We demonstrate that combining standing-wave (SW) excitation with resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) can lead to depth resolution and interface sensitivity for studying orbital and magnetic excitations in correlated oxide…
Real time electron microscopy observation on morphological changes in gold nano structures deposited on Si (100) surfaces as a function of annealing temperatures has been reported. Two types of interfaces with the substrate silicon were…
Barium titanate (BaTiO$_3$) is a compelling material for integrated photonics due to its strong electro-optic and second-order nonlinear properties. Crystal Ion Slicing (CIS) presents a scalable and CMOS-compatible route for fabricating…
The quantitative analysis of electron-optical phase images recorded using off-axis electron holography often relies on the use of computer simulations of electron propagation through a sample. However, simulations that make use of the…