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The channel statistics of a continuous-aperture array (CAPA)-based channel are analyzed using its continuous electromagnetic (EM) properties. The received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is discussed under isotropic scattering conditions. Using…
A novel electromagnetic (EM) structure termed flexible continuous aperture array (FCAPA) is proposed, which incorporates inherent surface flexibility into typical continuous aperture array (CAPA) systems, thereby enhancing the…
The beamforming optimization in continuous aperture array (CAPA)-based multi-user communications is studied. In contrast to conventional spatially discrete antenna arrays, CAPAs can exploit the full spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs) by…
For wireless communications using linear large-scale antenna arrays, we define a receiving coordinate system and parameterization strategy to facilitate the study of the impact of three-dimensional position and rotation of the arrays on the…
The number of spatial degrees of freedom (NDoF) and channel strength in antenna systems are examined within a geometric framework. Starting from a correlation-operator representation of the channel between transmitter and receiver regions,…
Conventional far-field multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels are limited to a single spatial degree of freedom (DoF) under a line-of-sight (LoS) condition. In contrast, the radiative near field (NF) supports multiple spatial DoF,…
This paper examines the number of communication modes, that is, the degrees of freedom (DoF) in a wireless line-of-sight channel comprising a small continuous linear intelligent antenna array in the near field of a large one. The framework…
We consider spatially-constrained apertures of rectangular symmetry and aim to retrieve the limit to the average number of spatial degrees of freedom (DoF), obtained elsewhere through different analyses and tools. Unlike prior works, we use…
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using continuous aperture array (CAPA) is studied. Compared to the conventional spatially discrete array (SPDA), CAPA significantly enhances the spatial degrees-of-freedoms (DoFs) for DOA estimation,…
This paper presents a closed-form analysis of spatial correlation and degrees of freedom (DoF) for arched holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) arrays, which can be viewed as a special form of fluid antenna systems (FAS) when…
This paper investigates a design framework for sparse fluid antenna systems (FAS) enabling high-performance direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, particularly in challenging millimeter-wave (mmWave) environments. By ingeniously harnessing…
Effective degree of freedom (EDOF) of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system represents its equivalent number of independent single-input-single-output (SISO) systems, which directly characterizes the communication performance.…
As wireless technology begins to utilize physically larger arrays and/or higher frequencies, the transmitter and receiver will reside in each other's radiative near field. This fact gives rise to unusual propagation phenomena such as…
A general fading model for multipath channels between two non-parallel continuous-aperture arrays (CAPAs) is proposed. Building on this model, the performance of diversity and multiplexing achieved by CAPAs over fading channels is analyzed.…
An alternative derivation is provided for the degrees of freedom (DOF) formula on line-of-sight (LOS) channels via Landau's eigenvalue theorem for bandlimited signals. Compared to other approaches, Landau's theorem provides a general…
In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework for analyzing the measurable information content of an unknown scene through an active electromagnetic imaging array. We consider monostatic and multistatic array architectures in a…
We establish a formal connection between the problem of characterizing degrees of freedom (DoF) in constant single-antenna interference channels (ICs), with general channel matrix, and the field of additive combinatorics. The theory we…
Multiple-antenna technologies are advancing towards large-scale aperture sizes and extremely high frequencies, leading to the emergence of near-field communications (NFC) in future wireless systems. To this context, we investigate the…
Extremely large aperture arrays operating in the near-field regime unlock additional spatial resources, which can be exploited to simultaneously serve multiple users even when they share the same angular direction. This work investigates…
This letter investigates the optimal antenna spacing for a near-field XL-MIMO communication system from the perspective of the array gain. Specifically, using the Green's function-based channel model, the letter analyzes the channel…