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The Bethe-Heitler formula describes bremsstrahlung and it's a typical and important example in quantum electromagnetic dynamics (QED). This formula is widely applied in many branches of physics and astrophysics. We find that the integrated…
We devise a two dimensional model that mimics the recently observed power law distributions for the amplitudes and durations of the acoustic emission signals observed during martensitic transformation [ Vives {\it et al}, Phys. Rev. Lett.…
In quantum statistical mechanics, equilibrium states have been shown to be the typical states for a system that is entangled with its environment, suggesting a possible identification between thermodynamic and von Neumann entropies. In this…
All available data indicate a surplus of baryon states over meson states for energies greater than about 1.5 GeV. Since hadron-scale string theory suggests that their numbers should become equal with increasing energy, it has recently been…
A classical scenario for tipping is that a dynamical system experiences a slow parameter drift across a fold tipping point, caused by a run-away positive feedback loop. We study what happens if one turns around after one has crossed the…
There is a classic alternative to the Franck-Hertz experiment designed to show more than a recurrence of the first excited state. Instead of being subjected to a rising potential between source and accelerating grid, electrons are now…
This work inspects the thermally activated transfer of solute particles across the interface between two interstitial solid solution phases that equilibrate internally by fast diffusion on conserved arrays of sites. When each phase is…
We study low-Reynolds-number fluid flow through a two-dimensional porous medium modeled as a Lorentz gas. Using extensive finite element simulations we fully resolve the flow fields for packing fractions approaching the percolation…
We present a study of static and frequency-dependent diffusion with anisotropic thermally activated transition rates in a two-dimensional bond percolation system. The approach accounts for temperature effects on diffusion coefficients in…
Two-dimensional ferromagnetic electron gases subject to random scalar potentials and Rashba spin-orbit interactions exhibit a striking quantum criticality. As disorder strength $W$ increases, the systems undergo a transition from a normal…
As contrast to the Maxwellian distribution, equilibrium distribution of the second kind or turbulent equilibrium is shown to exist under tertiary molecular chaos hypothesis to replace the classical binary chaos by Boltzmann. It is expressed…
The single-particle energy spectrum of a two-dimensional electron gas in a perpendicular magnetic field consists of equally-spaced spin-split Landau levels, whose degeneracy is proportional to the magnetic field strength. At integer and…
In this paper, we are concerned with long-time behavior of Euler-Maruyama schemes associated with a range of regime-switching diffusion processes. The key contributions of this paper lie in that existence and uniqueness of numerical…
A symmetrically doped double layer electron system with total filling fraction $\nu=1/m$ decouples into two even denominator ($\nu=1/2 m$) composite fermion `metals' when the layer spacing is large. Out-of-phase fluctuations of the…
We consider the effects of an applied pressure gradient on the classical Freedericksz transition, finding a delayed transition, the promotion of particular director configurations and even pressure-induced multistability. Using the…
The second law of thermodynamics places a limitation into which states a system can evolve into. For systems in contact with a heat bath, it can be combined with the law of energy conservation, and it says that a system can only evolve into…
We analyse the ground state of a particle in a double-well potential, with a cylindrical symmetry, and in the presence of a magnetic field. We find that the azimuthal quantum number m takes the values m = 0,1,2... when we increase the…
When driven by nonequilibrium fluctuations, particle systems may display phase transitions and physical behaviour with no equilibrium counterpart. We study a two-dimensional particle model initially proposed to describe driven non-Brownian…
The quantum-mechanical description of assemblies of particles whose motion is confined to two (or one) spatial dimensions offers many possibilities that are distinct from bosons and fermions. We call such particles anyons. The simplest…
Ground-state and thermodynamic properties of the one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet in which two S=1/2 and two S=1 spins are arranged alternatively are studied by a quantum Monte Carlo method and by analytical estimates. It is found…