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The problem of the gas-liquid heterophase fluctuations of a fluid within the critical and supercritical regions is revisited. To describe the thermodynamics and structure of the heterophase fluid, the mesoscopic equation of state is…
This work investigates a quantum system described by a Hamiltonian operator in a two dimensional noncommutative space. The system consists of an electron subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field $\mathbf{B}$, coupled to a harmonic…
The field-dependent equilibrium thermodynamics is derived with two methods: either by using the potential formalism either by the statistical method. Therefore, Pontrjagin's extremum principle of control theory is applied to an extended…
In the scientific and engineering literature, the second law of thermodynamics is expressed in terms of the behavior of entropy in reversible and irreversible processes. According to the prevailing statistical mechanics interpretation the…
We formulate the Dynamical Mean Field Approximation equations for the double-exchange system with quenched disorder for arbitrary relation between Hund exchange coupling and electron band width. Close to the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic…
We consider a threshold factor model for high-dimensional time series in which the dynamics of the time series is assumed to switch between different regimes according to the value of a threshold variable. This is an extension of threshold…
We report the two typical models of normal heat conduction in one dimensional momentum-conserving systems. They show the Arrhenius and the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence. We construct the two corresponding phenomenologies,…
Equilibrium statistics of Hamiltonian systems is correctly described by the microcanonical ensemble, whereas canonical ones fail in the most interesting, mostly inhomogeneous, situations like phase separations or away from the thermodynamic…
The study of the transitions among different regimes in thermal convection has been an issue of paramount importance in fluid mechanics. While the bifurcations at low Rayleigh number, when the flow is laminar or moderately chaotic, have…
Phase transitions in the three-dimensional diluted Ising antiferromagnet in an applied magnetic field are analyzed numerically. It is found that random magnetic field in a system with spin concentration below a certain threshold induces a…
Configuration transitions of individual molecules and atoms on surfaces are traditionally described with energy barriers and attempt rates using an Arrhenius law. This approach yields consistent energy barrier values, but also attempt rates…
The recrossing correction to the transition state theory estimate of a thermal rate can be difficult to calculate when the energy barrier is flat. This problem arises, for example, in polymer escape if the polymer is long enough to stretch…
We demonstrate that the two-dimensonal electron system in a strong perpendicular magnetic field has stable states which break rotational but not translational symmetry. The Laughlin fluid becomes unstable to these states in quantum wells…
We study the off-diagonal current fluctuation in a macroscopic quantum system measured in an ideal manner that is as close as possible to the classical ideal measurement. We show rigorously that not only extended but also localized states…
Statistics transmutations to composite fermions in fractional-quantum-Hall-effect systems are considered in the Hartree-Fock approximation and in the RPA. The Hartree-Fock ground-state energy shows that the transmutations are not…
The Hamiltonian Mean Field model describes a system of N fully-coupled particles showing a second-order phase transition as a function of the energy. The dynamics of the model presents interesting features in a small energy region below the…
We show that the system entropy change for the transitions between non-equilibrium steady states arbitrarily far from equilibrium for any constituting process is given by the relative entropy of the distributions of these steady states.…
A new approach to the proof of the Arrhenius formula of kinetic theory is proposed. We prove this formula starting from the equation of diffusion in a potential. We put this diffusion equation in the form of evolutionary equation generated…
Superfluidity of spatially separated electrons and holes and unbalanced two-layer electron system in high magnetic field is considered. The temperature of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition to a superfluid state is obtained as a function of…
Dynamical universality plays a fundamental role in understanding the scaling properties of critical dynamics, including absorbing phase transitions and physical aging. Although individual universality classes have been extensively studied,…